ArticleJournal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology2004
Brainstem control of activity and responsiveness in resting frog tadpoles: tonic inhibition.
Article in Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Growth at Cold Temperature Increases the Number of Motor Neurons to Optimize Locomotor Function.Current biology : CB · 2019Article
- A simple decision to move in response to touch reveals basic sensory memory and mechanisms for variable response times.The Journal of physiology · 2018Article
- Article
- Behavioral observation of Xenopus tadpole swimming for neuroscience labs.Journal of undergraduate neuroscience education : JUNE : a publication of FUN, Faculty for Undergraduate Neuroscience · 2014Article
- How neurons generate behavior in a hatchling amphibian tadpole: an outline.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2010Article
- What roles do tonic inhibition and disinhibition play in the control of motor programs?Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2010Article
- Defining the excitatory neurons that drive the locomotor rhythm in a simple vertebrate: insights into the origin of reticulospinal control.The Journal of physiology · 2009Article
- Roles for inhibition: studies on networks controlling swimming in young frog tadpoles.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2008Review
- Article
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4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The hatchling Xenopus laevis tadpole was used to study the brain neurons controlling responsiveness. Tadpoles have reduced motor activity and responsiveness when they hang at rest, attached by cement gland mucus. Afferent input from cement gland mechanosensory neurons has both a phasic role in stopping swimming and a tonic role in reducing responsiveness while tadpoles hang attached. Both these roles depend on GABA(A)-mediated inhibition. We provide evidence supporting the hypothesis that long-term reduced responsiveness in attached tadpoles results from tonic activity in the reticulospinal GABAergic pathway mediating the stopping response. Two groups of putative stopping pathway interneurons were recorded in the caudal and rostral hindbrain of immobilised tadpoles. Both groups showed a sustained increase in activity during simulated attachment. This attached activity was irregular and unstructured. We consider whether low-level firing in cement gland afferents (at approximately 1 Hz) during simulated attachment is sufficient to explain the low-level firing (at approximately 0.5 Hz) in reticulospinal neurons. We then ask if a small population of these neurons (approximately 20) could produce sufficient inhibition of spinal neurons to reduce the whole tadpole's responsiveness. We conclude that for most of their 1st day of life GABAergic brainstem neurons could produce inhibition continuously while the tadpole is at rest.
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