ReviewIntensive care medicine2004
Stress-hyperglycemia, insulin and immunomodulation in sepsis.
Review in Intensive care medicine, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 162 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
162 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 414 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stress-induced hyperglycemia and mortality of non-diabetic patients with sepsis: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- High admission blood glucose independently predicts poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2021Pooled it
- Stress hyperglycaemia in critically ill patients and the subsequent risk of diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Critical care (London, England) · 2016Pooled it
- Insulin resistance in early vs late nutrition and complications of sirs in neurosurgical intensive care unit (ICU).Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina) · 2015Trial
- Design and rationale of safe pediatric euglycemia after cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled trial of tight glycemic control after pediatric cardiac surgery.Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies · 2013Trial
- Pathophysiological aspects of hyperglycemia in children with meningococcal sepsis and septic shock: a prospective, observational cohort study.Critical care (London, England) · 2011Trial
- Exogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 attenuates the glycaemic response to postpyloric nutrient infusion in critically ill patients with type-2 diabetes.Critical care (London, England) · 2011Trial
- Implementing glucose control in intensive care: a multicenter trial using statistical process control.Intensive care medicine · 2010Trial
- Persisting high levels of plasma pentraxin 3 over the first days after severe sepsis and septic shock onset are associated with mortality.Intensive care medicine · 2010Trial
- The effect of exogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 on the glycaemic response to small intestinal nutrient in the critically ill: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled cross over study.Critical care (London, England) · 2009Trial
- Prognostic value of stress hyperglycemia ratio in critically Ill patients with acute kidney injury: a machine learning-driven retrospective cohort analysis.Health information science and systems · 2026Article
- LncRNA Gm16023 limits M1 macrophage-mediated hyperglycemia-exacerbated septic intestinal injury via miR-377-3p/Sirt1 axis.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- Steroid hormone ouabain cooperates with NaActa pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Article
- The Joint Effect of Stress Hyperglycemia Ratio and Inflammatory Burden Exacerbates Mortality Risk and Prolongs ICU Stay in Sepsis: A Combined Analysis.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a sepsis-specific systemic inflammation classification system for mortality prediction.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Optimising Pain Relief in Acute Pancreatitis: An Evidence-Based Approach.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- The Prognostic Role of Cortisol and Glucose Dynamics in Cardiogenic Shock-Insights from a Prospective Observational Cohort.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2025Observational
- A Twisted-Integrated Multifunctional Fiber Sensor for Real-Time Metabolic Monitoring and Management of Sepsis.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Association between glycemic variability in patients with traumatic lung injury and risk of in-hospital death: a retrospective analysis based on the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Assessment of stress hyperglycemia ratio as a prognostic indicator in geriatric intensive care patients experiencing delirium: a retrospective cohort analysis.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
102 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Stress-hyperglycemia and insulin resistance are exceedingly common in critically ill patients, particularly those with sepsis. Multiple pathogenetic mechanisms are responsible for this metabolic syndrome; however, increased release of pro-inflammatory mediators and counter-regulatory hormones may play a pivotal role. Recent data suggests that hyperglycemia may potentiate the pro-inflammatory response while insulin has the opposite effect. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests that tight glycemic control will improve the outcome of critically ill patients. This paper reviews the pathophysiology of stress hyperglycemia in the critically ill septic patient and outlines a treatment strategy for the management of this disorder.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.