Evidence map›Paper›PMID 14988297›Full record

ArticleDiabetes care2004

Glycemic exposure is associated with reduced pulmonary function in type 2 diabetes: the Fremantle Diabetes Study.

Wendy A Davis, Matthew Knuiman, Peter Kendall, Valerie Grange, Timothy M E Davis, Fremantle Diabetes Study

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes care, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02889510 (Multicentre Randomized Double Blind, Crossover, Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Effect of Liraglutide on Lung Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus), which is not on this map. Cited by 110 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
110citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02889510 phase3completedstarted 2016, after this paper: background citation

Multicentre Randomized Double Blind, Crossover, Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Effect of Liraglutide on Lung Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (LIRALUNG Study)

Ran2016Enrolled76Registered outcomes8Posted comparisons0ConditionsType 2 DiabetesArmsliraglutide, Placebo
PMID 11282754PMID 15526520PMID 18056886PMID 18285549PMID 18579551PMID 19262746PMID 20217039PMID 20882512PMID 10960726other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

110 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Longitudinal trends in HbADiabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2018
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Review
  11. Hyperglycemia, receptor for advanced glycation end products, and small airways dysfunction in asthma.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Diabetes-inducing effects of bronchial asthma.World journal of diabetes · 2025
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

50 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Wendy A DavisUniversity of Western Australia, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia.
Matthew Knuiman
Peter Kendall
Valerie Grange
Timothy M E Davis
Fremantle Diabetes Study

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo examine prospectively the relationship between diabetes, glycemic control, and spirometric measures. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsFrom a community-based cohort, 495 Europid (i.e., of European descent) patients with type 2 diabetes who had no history of pulmonary disease underwent baseline spirometry between 1993 and 1994. A subset of 125 patients was restudied a mean of 7.0 years later. The main outcome measures included forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), vital capacity (VC), and peak expiratory flow (PEF) corrected for body temperature, air pressure, and water saturation and were expressed either in absolute terms or as percentage-predicted value for age, sex, and height.

resultsMean percentage-predicted values of each spirometric measure were decreased >10% in the whole cohort at baseline and absolute measures continued to decline at an annual rate of 68, 71, and 84 ml/year and 17 l/min for FVC, FEV1, VC, and PEF, respectively, in the 125 prospectively studied patients. Declining lung function measures were consistently predicted by poor glycemic control in the form of a higher updated mean HbA1c, follow-up HbA1c, or follow-up fasting plasma glucose. In a Cox proportional hazards model, decreased FEV1 percentage-predicted value was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality.

conclusionsReduced lung volumes and airflow limitation are likely to be chronic complications of type 2 diabetes, the severity of which relates to glycemic exposure. Airflow limitation is a predictor of death in type 2 diabetes after adjusting for other recognized risk factors.

Indexed as

AgedAustraliaBlood GlucoseBlood PressureBody Mass IndexCohort StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleForced Expiratory VolumeHumansMaleMiddle AgedPeak Expiratory Flow RateRespiratory Function TestsVital CapacityBlood Glucose

Identifiers

PMID14988297

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.