ArticleOncogene2004
Bacterial cupredoxin azurin as an inducer of apoptosis and regression in human breast cancer.
Article in Oncogene, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 171 citations in OpenAlex.
- Membrane-Traversing Peptides: Mechanistic Landscapes, Assays, and Applications.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- Bacterial-based cancer therapy: mechanisms and therapeutic advances.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Targeting Campylobacter infection using nano-azurin: innate immune reprogramming and anticancer implications.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- In vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of Laz-expressing Salmonella Typhimurium YB1 via optimized secretion and regulation.AMB Express · 2026Article
- Bacteriocinogenic properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Bulgarian feta cheese and Brazilian prato cheese against Listeria monocytogenes: Bacteriocin, an ally in the control of listeriosis.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Article
- Suppression of mitochondrial energy production by a photosynthetic bacterial cupredoxin peptide inhibits tumor growth.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Selective cytotoxicity of microcin H47 against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells: an antimicrobial peptide with therapeutic potential.Archives of microbiology · 2026Article
- The role of the intratumoral microbiota in breast cancer metastasis and immune regulation: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- A bacterial toxin as a novel anti-cancer drug modulating the tumor-microenvironment.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- A novel soil Bacillus strain GB_SG_008: isolation, characterization, and anticancer potential of an intracellular protein fraction inducing apoptosis and modulating cancer marker proteins.Archives of microbiology · 2025Article
- HapA protease targets PAR-1/2 to modulate ERK signalling and reduce cancer cell viability.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- Inhibition of 53BP1-mediated DNA damage repair by a bacterial effector protein.Fundamental research · 2025Article
- The Production of Recombinant Azurin fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cell Secretomes Modify Metabolomes ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Recent Advances in Therapeutic Peptides: Innovations and Applications in Treating Infections and Diseases.ACS omega · 2025Review
- The human microbiome: redefining cancer pathogenesis and therapy.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- The Influence of Microorganisms on the Onset and Development of Colorectal Cancer in Humans: A Descriptive Cross-Reference Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Combination of magnetic hyperthermia and gene therapy for breast cancer.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2025Article
- Azurin a potent anticancer and antimicrobial agent isolated from a novel Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Bacteriocins in Cancer Treatment: Mechanisms and Clinical Potentials.Biomolecules · 2024Review
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Azurin, a copper-containing redox protein released by the pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is highly cytotoxic to the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, but is less cytotoxic toward p53-negative (MDA-MB-157) or nonfunctional p53 cell lines like MDD2 and MDA-MB-231. The purpose of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanism of the action of bacterial cupredoxin azurin in the regression of breast cancer and its potential chemotherapeutic efficacy. Azurin enters into the cytosol of MCF-7 cells and travels to the nucleus, enhancing the intracellular levels of p53 and Bax, thereby triggering the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c into the cytosol. This process activates the caspase cascade (including caspase-9 and caspase-7), thereby initiating the apoptotic process. Our results indicate that azurin-induced cell death stimuli are amplified in the presence of p53. In vivo injection of azurin in immunodeficient mice harboring xenografted human breast cancer cells in the mammary fat pad leads to statistically significant regression (85%, P = 0.0179, Kruskal-Wallis Test) of the tumor. In conclusion, azurin blocks breast cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway both in vitro and in vivo, thereby suggesting a potential chemotherapeutic application of this bacterial cupredoxin for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.