ArticleGene therapy2004
Erythrocyte ghost-mediated gene delivery for prolonged and blood-targeted expression.
Article in Gene therapy, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Red blood cells-derived components as biomimetic functional materials: Matching versatile delivery strategies based on structure and function.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- Red blood cells in biology and translational medicine: natural vehicle inspires new biomedical applications.Theranostics · 2024Review
- Nucleic Acid Delivery with Red-Blood-Cell-Based Carriers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Erythrocytes as Carriers: From Drug Delivery to Biosensors.Pharmaceutics · 2020Review
- Genetically engineered red cells expressing single domain camelid antibodies confer long-term protection against botulinum neurotoxin.Nature communications · 2017Article
- Engineering antiphagocytic biomimetic drug carriers.Therapeutic delivery · 2013Review
- AAV's anatomy: roadmap for optimizing vectors for translational success.Current gene therapy · 2010Article
- Drug delivery by red blood cells: vascular carriers designed by mother nature.Expert opinion on drug delivery · 2010Review
- Biological gene delivery vehicles: beyond viral vectors.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2009Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study reports the use of erythrocyte ghosts (EG) as a biocompatible nonviral delivery system for extended circulation and prolonged expression of plasmid DNA in the blood. Murine interleukin-2-expressing plasmid DNA was efficiently loaded to EG by electroporation in hypotonic condition. The presence of plasmid DNA in EG was confirmed by fluorescence-labeled plasmid DNA. At 21 min after intravenous administration into mice, the level of plasmid DNA in the blood was 92 000-fold higher following EG-mediated delivery as compared to the injection of naked form. EG-mediated gene delivery revealed higher and more prolonged mRNA expression levels of plasmid DNA in the blood until 9 days after the single intravenous injection. Moreover, plasmid DNA-loaded EG showed gene expression targeted to the blood cells. At 3 days post-dose, substantial expression levels of plasmid DNA delivered in EG were observed only in the blood and not in the other organs. Of the blood cells, the subpopulation containing granulocytes showed higher expression of plasmid DNA than mononuclear cells. These results indicate the potential of EG as a safe, prolonged and blood-targeted delivery system of therapeutic genes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.