ArticleBritish journal of pharmacology2004
Protection by antioxidants against toxicity and apoptosis induced by the sulphur mustard analog 2-chloroethylethyl sulphide (CEES) in Jurkat T cells and normal human lymphocytes.
Article in British journal of pharmacology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Methimazole, an Effective Neutralizing Agent of the Sulfur Mustard Derivative 2-Chloroethyl Ethyl Sulfide.ACS bio & med chem Au · 2023Article
- N-Acetylcysteine as a treatment for sulphur mustard poisoning.Free radical biology & medicine · 2020Review
- Screening of the chemoprotective effect of 13 compounds and their mixtures with sodium 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate against 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide.Journal of applied biomedicine · 2019Article
- Phosgene oxime: Injury and associated mechanisms compared to vesicating agents sulfur mustard and lewisite.Toxicology letters · 2018Review
- Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract protects lymphocytes against histone-induced apoptosis.PeerJ · 2017Article
- Mustard vesicating agent-induced toxicity in the skin tissue and silibinin as a potential countermeasure.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2016Review
- The Mixture of Salvianolic Acids from Salvia miltiorrhiza and Total Flavonoids from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Attenuate Sulfur Mustard-Induced Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2015Article
- Catalytic antioxidant AEOL 10150 treatment ameliorates sulfur mustard analog 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide-associated cutaneous toxic effects.Free radical biology & medicine · 2014Article
- Airway tissue factor-dependent coagulation activity in response to sulfur mustard analog 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2012Article
- Sulfur mustard analog, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide-induced skin injury involves DNA damage and induction of inflammatory mediators, in part via oxidative stress, in SKH-1 hairless mouse skin.Toxicology letters · 2011Article
- 2-Chloroethyl ethyl sulfide causes microvesication and inflammation-related histopathological changes in male hairless mouse skin.Toxicology · 2011Article
- Efficacy of glutathione in ameliorating sulfur mustard analog-induced toxicity in cultured skin epidermal cells and in SKH-1 mouse skin in vivo.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2011Review
- Sulfur mustard induces expression of metallothionein-1A in human airway epithelial cells.International journal of general medicine · 2011Article
- Protective effect of liposome-encapsulated glutathione in a human epidermal model exposed to a mustard gas analog.Journal of toxicology · 2011Article
- Oxidants and antioxidants in sulfur mustard-induced injury.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2010Review
- Biological and molecular mechanisms of sulfur mustard analogue-induced toxicity in JB6 and HaCaT cells: possible role of ataxia telangiectasia-mutated/ataxia telangiectasia-Rad3-related cell cycle checkpoint pathway.Chemical research in toxicology · 2010Article
- Selective targeting of selenocysteine in thioredoxin reductase by the half mustard 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide in lung epithelial cells.Chemical research in toxicology · 2010Article
- Mechanisms mediating the vesicant actions of sulfur mustard after cutaneous exposure.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2010Review
- Discrepancy between mRNA and Protein Expression of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin in Bronchial Epithelium Induced by Sulfur Mustard.Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology · 2010Article
- Sulfur mustard analog induces oxidative stress and activates signaling cascades in the skin of SKH-1 hairless mice.Free radical biology & medicine · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
1. The mechanism of toxicity of sulphur mustard was investigated by examining the biochemical effects of the analog 2-chloroethylethyl sulphide (CEES) in both human Jurkat cells as well as normal human lymphocytes. 2. Exposure of both types of cells to CEES resulted in a marked decrease in the intracellular concentration of the reduced form of glutathione (GSH), and CEES-induced cell death was potentiated by l-buthionine sulphoximine, an inhibitor of GSH synthesis. 3. CEES increased the endogenous production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Jurkat cells, and CEES-induced cell death was potentiated by hydrogen peroxide. 4. CEES induced various hallmarks of apoptosis, including collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential, proteolytic processing and activation of procaspase-3, and cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. 5. The effects of CEES on the accumulation of ROS, the intracellular concentration of GSH, the mitochondrial membrane potential, and caspase-3 activity were all inhibited by pretreatment of cells with the GSH precursor N-acetyl cysteine or with GSH-ethyl ester. Furthermore, CEES-induced cell death was also prevented by these antioxidants. 6. CEES toxicity appears to be mediated, at least in part, by the generation of ROS and consequent depletion of GSH. Given that sulphur mustard is still a potential biohazard, the protective effects of antioxidants against CEES toxicity demonstrated in Jurkat cells and normal human lymphocytes may provide the basis for the development of a therapeutic strategy to counteract exposure to this chemical weapon.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.