ArticleJournal of bacteriology2004
The Bacillus subtilis extracytoplasmic-function sigmaX factor regulates modification of the cell envelope and resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers.
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Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 147 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Molecular Mechanisms of Bacterial Resistance to Antimicrobial Peptides in the Modern Era: An Updated Review.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Structural Analysis ofMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- RIViT-seq enables systematic identification of regulons of transcriptional machineries.Nature communications · 2022Article
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- Bacteria elicit a phage tolerance response subsequent to infection of their neighbors.The EMBO journal · 2022Article
- Mini Review: Bacterial Membrane Composition and Its Modulation in Response to Stress.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Review
- Environmental and Physiological Factors Affecting High-Throughput Measurements of Bacterial Growth.mBio · 2020Article
- Cheaters shape the evolution of phenotypic heterogeneity in Bacillus subtilis biofilms.The ISME journal · 2020Article
- Analysis of a bac operon-silenced strain suggests pleiotropic effects of bacilysin in Bacillus subtilis.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2020Article
- Resistance Mechanisms to Antimicrobial Peptides in Gram-Positive Bacteria.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- The Stress-Responsive Alternative Sigma Factor SigB ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- Where to begin? Sigma factors and the selectivity of transcription initiation in bacteria.Molecular microbiology · 2019Review
- Activation of the extracytoplasmic function σ factor σMolecular microbiology · 2019Review
- Extreme slow growth as alternative strategy to survive deep starvation in bacteria.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Clinical and laboratory-induced colistin-resistance mechanisms in Acinetobacter baumannii.Microbial genomics · 2019Article
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis contains seven extracytoplasmic-function sigma factors that activate partially overlapping regulons. We here identify four additional members of the sigma(X) regulon, pbpX (penicillin-binding protein), ywnJ, the dlt operon (D-alanylation of teichoic acids), and the pss ybfM psd operon (phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis). Modification of teichoic acids by esterification with D-alanine and incorporation of phosphatidylethanolamine into the cell membrane have a common consequence: in both cases positively charged amino groups are introduced into the cell envelope. The resulting reduction in the net negative charge of the cell envelope has been previously implicated as a resistance mechanism specific for cationic antimicrobial peptides. Consistent with this notion, we find that both sigX and dltA mutants are more sensitive to nisin than wild-type cells. We conclude that activation of the sigma(X) regulon serves to alter cell surface properties to provide protection against antimicrobial peptides.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.