ArticleCirculation2004
Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and risk for incident coronary heart disease in middle-aged men and women in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.
Article in Circulation, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00988364 (Effects of Ezetimibe, Simvastatin, and Vytorin on Reducing L5 in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome), which is not on this map. Cited by 174 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Ezetimibe, Simvastatin, and Vytorin on Reducing L5 in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome
Who cites it
174 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 617 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predictive role of C-reactive protein in sudden death: a meta-analysis of prospective studies.The Journal of international medical research · 2022Pooled it
- Eight genetic loci associated with variation in lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 mass and activity and coronary heart disease: meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies from five community-based studies.European heart journal · 2012Pooled it
- Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 gene V279F polymorphisms and coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis.Molecular biology reports · 2011Pooled it
- PLA2G7 genotype, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 activity, and coronary heart disease risk in 10 494 cases and 15 624 controls of European Ancestry.Circulation · 2010Pooled it
- Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 as a novel risk marker for cardiovascular disease: a systematic review of the literature.Texas Heart Institute journal · 2010Pooled it
- Effect of Switching From Statin Monotherapy to Ezetimibe/Simvastatin Combination Therapy Compared With Other Intensified Lipid-Lowering Strategies on Lipoprotein Subclasses in Diabetic Patients With Symptomatic Cardiovascular Disease.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2015Trial
- Lifestyle intervention and/or statins for the reduction of C-reactive protein in type 2 diabetes: from the look AHEAD study.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2013Trial
- Icosapent ethyl, a pure ethyl ester of eicosapentaenoic acid: effects on circulating markers of inflammation from the MARINE and ANCHOR studies.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2013Trial
- Trial
- Association between IL-6 and the extent of coronary atherosclerosis in the veterans affairs diabetes trial (VADT).Atherosclerosis · 2009Trial
- The effect of marine n-3 fatty acids in different doses on plasma concentrations of Lp-PLA2 in healthy adults.European journal of nutrition · 2009Trial
- Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 for early risk stratification in patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome: a multi-marker approach: the North Wuerttemberg and Berlin Infarction Study-II (NOBIS-II).Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2007Trial
- Impact of atorvastatin treatment on platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase and 15-F(2trans)-isoprostane in hypercholesterolaemic patients.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2007Trial
- Rethinking Lipid Burden and the Role of Non-LDL Biomarkers in Stroke Risk Stratification.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- Causal effect estimation on restricted mean survival time under case-cohort design via propensity score stratification.Lifetime data analysis · 2025Article
- Joint association of remnant cholesterol and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 with composite adverse events: A 12-year follow-up study from Asymptomatic Polyvascular Abnormalities Community study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Clinical value of Lp-PLA2, LDL-C, HDL-C, hs-CRP, leukocyte, FPG and HbA1c in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with acute ischemic stroke.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Emerging biomarkers in ischemic stroke.Vessel plus · 2025Article
- Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy unmasks high-risk atherosclerotic features in human coronary artery disease.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2024Article
- Emerging Circulating Biomarkers for Enhanced Cardiovascular Risk Prediction.Journal of lipid and atherosclerosis · 2024Review
114 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMeasuring C-reactive protein (CRP) has been recommended to identify patients at high risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) with low LDL cholesterol (LDL-C). Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is a proinflammatory enzyme associated primarily with LDL. METHODS AND
resultsIn a prospective, case cohort study in 12 819 apparently healthy middle-aged men and women in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study, the relation between Lp-PLA2, CRP, traditional risk factors, and risk for CHD events over a period of approximately 6 years was examined in a proportional hazards model, stratified by LDL-C. Lp-PLA2 and CRP levels were higher in the 608 cases than the 740 noncases. Both Lp-PLA2 and CRP were associated with incident CHD after adjustment for age, sex, and race with a hazard ratio of 1.78 for the highest tertile of Lp-PLA2 and 2.53 for the highest category of CRP versus the lowest categories. Lp-PLA2 correlated positively with LDL-C (r=0.36) and negatively with HDL-C (r=-0.33) but not with CRP (r=-0.05). In a model adjusted for traditional risk factors including LDL-C, the association of Lp-PLA2 with CHD was attenuated and not statistically significant. For individuals with LDL-C below the median (130 mg/dL), Lp-PLA2 and CRP were both significantly and independently associated with CHD in fully adjusted models. For individuals with LDL-C <130 mg/dL, those with both Lp-PLA2 and CRP levels in the highest tertile were at the greatest risk for a CHD event.
conclusionsLp-PLA2 and CRP may be complementary in identifying individuals at high CHD risk who have low LDL-C.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.