ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2004
Phox2a gene, A6 neurons, and noradrenaline are essential for development of normal respiratory rhythm in mice.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Forgotten muscle: diaphragm and sudden infant death syndrome.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2026Article
- Review
- A5 noradrenergic neurons and breathing control in neonate rats.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2021Article
- All roads lead to inflammation: Is maternal immune activation a common culprit behind environmental factors impacting offspring neural control of breathing?Respiratory physiology & neurobiology · 2020Review
- Orexin Neurons Contribute to Central Modulation of Respiratory Drive by Progestins onFrontiers in physiology · 2019Article
- Brainstem catecholaminergic neurones and breathing control during postnatal development in male and female rats.The Journal of physiology · 2018Article
- Role of A5 noradrenergic neurons in the chemoreflex control of respiratory and sympathetic activities in unanesthetized conditions.Neuroscience · 2017Article
- Growth restriction induced by chronic prenatal hypoxia affects breathing rhythm and its pontine catecholaminergic modulation.Journal of neurophysiology · 2016Article
- α1- and α2-adrenergic receptors in the retrotrapezoid nucleus differentially regulate breathing in anesthetized adult rats.Journal of neurophysiology · 2016Article
- Secretory activity of the brain and peripheral organs: Spontaneous and stimulated release of noradrenaline in the ontogenesis of rats.Doklady. Biochemistry and biophysics · 2016Article
- Signal molecules during the organism development: Central and peripheral sources of noradrenaline in rat ontogenesis.Doklady. Biochemistry and biophysics · 2016Article
- Catecholaminergic neurons projecting to the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus are essential for cardiorespiratory adjustments to hypoxia.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2015Article
- Dysregulation of locus coeruleus development in congenital central hypoventilation syndrome.Acta neuropathologica · 2015Article
- Alterations in the cholinergic system of brain stem neurons in a mouse model of Rett syndrome.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2014Article
- Neurochemical and electrical modulation of the locus coeruleus: contribution to CO2drive to breathe.Frontiers in physiology · 2014Review
- Time-dependent modulation of GABA(A)-ergic synaptic transmission by allopregnanolone in locus coeruleus neurons of Mecp2-null mice.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2013Article
- GABAergic synaptic inputs of locus coeruleus neurons in wild-type and Mecp2-null mice.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2013Article
- Organization of cerebral projections to identified cerebellar zones in the posterior cerebellum of the rat.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2012Article
- Irregular Breathing in Mice following Genetic Ablation of V2a Neurons.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2012Article
- Regulation of respiratory-related hypoglossal motor output by α₁ adrenergic and serotonin 5-HT₃ receptor activation in isolated adult turtle brainstems.Respiratory physiology & neurobiology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although respiration is vital to the survival of all mammals from the moment of birth, little is known about the genetic factors controlling the prenatal maturation of this physiological process. Here we investigated the role of the Phox2a gene that encodes for a homeodomain protein involved in the generation of noradrenergic A6 neurons in the maturation of the respiratory network. First, comparisons of the respiratory activity of fetuses delivered surgically from heterozygous Phox2a pregnant mice on gestational day 18 showed that the mutants had impaired in vivo ventilation, in vitro respiratory-like activity, and in vitro respiratory responses to central hypoxia and noradrenaline. Second, pharmacological studies on wild-type neonates showed that endogenous noradrenaline released from pontine A6 neurons potentiates rhythmic respiratory activity via alpha1 medullary adrenoceptors. Third, transynaptic tracing experiments in which rabies virus was injected into the diaphragm confirmed that A6 neurons were connected to the neonatal respiratory network. Fourth, blocking the alpha1 adrenoceptors in wild-type dams during late gestation with daily injections of the alpha1 adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin induced in vivo and in vitro neonatal respiratory deficits similar to those observed in Phox2a mutants. These results suggest that noradrenaline, A6 neurons, and the Phox2a gene, which is crucial for the generation of A6 neurons, are essential for development of normal respiratory rhythm in neonatal mice. Metabolic noradrenaline disorders occurring during gestation therefore may induce neonatal respiratory deficits, in agreement with the catecholamine anomalies reported in victims of sudden infant death syndrome.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.