ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2004
Disruption of Ixodes scapularis anticoagulation by using RNA interference.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Tick feeding or vaccination with tick antigens elicits immunity to theScience translational medicine · 2025Article
- Arthropod autophagy molecules facilitate Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection of Ixodes scapularis tick cells.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Impact ofFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Identification and Characterization ofMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- A tick C1q protein alters infectivity of the Lyme disease agent by modulating interferon γ.Cell reports · 2022Article
- The Impact of RNA Interference in Tick Research.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- A proteomics informed by transcriptomics insight into the proteome of Ornithodoros erraticus adult tick saliva.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Article
- The Lyme disease agent co-opts adiponectin receptor-mediated signaling in its arthropod vector.eLife · 2021Article
- Acquired tick resistance: The trail is hot.Parasite immunology · 2021Review
- RNA-seq analysis and gene expression dynamics in the salivary glands of the argasid tick Ornithodoros erraticus along the trophogonic cycle.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
- A combined transcriptomic approach to identify candidates for an anti-tick vaccine blocking B. afzelii transmission.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- An Ixodes scapularis Protein Disulfide Isomerase Contributes to Borrelia burgdorferi Colonization of the Vector.Infection and immunity · 2020Article
- Repeat tick exposure elicits distinct immune responses in guinea pigs and mice.Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2020Article
- Interactions between Borrelia burgdorferi and ticks.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2020Review
- p47 licenses activation of the immune deficiency pathway in the tickProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- The Use of Tick Salivary Proteins as Novel Therapeutics.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Review
- Ixonnexin from Tick Saliva Promotes Fibrinolysis by Interacting with Plasminogen and Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator, and Prevents Arterial Thrombosis.Scientific reports · 2018Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Ixodes scapularis ticks transmit many pathogens, including Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Babesia microti. Vaccines directed against arthropod proteins injected into the host during tick engorgement could prevent numerous infectious diseases. Salp14, a salivary anticoagulant, poses a key target for such intervention. Salp14 is the prototypic member of a family of potential I. scapularis anticoagulants, expressed and secreted in tick saliva during tick feeding. RNA interference was used to assess the role of Salp14 in tick feeding. Salp14 and its paralogs were silenced, as demonstrated by the reduction of mRNA and protein specific for these antigens. Tick salivary glands lacking Salp14 had reduced anticoagulant activity, as revealed by a 60-80% reduction of anti-factor Xa activity. Silencing the expression of salp14 and its paralogs also reduced the ability of I. scapularis to feed, as demonstrated by a 50-70% decline in the engorgement weights. Because ticks have several anticoagulants, it is likely that the expression of multiple anticoagulants in I. scapularis saliva would have to be ablated simultaneously to abolish tick feeding. These studies demonstrate that RNA interference can silence I. scapularis genes and disrupt their physiologic function in vivo, and they identify vaccine candidates that can alter vector engorgement.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.