ArticleInfection and immunity2004
CpG oligodeoxynucleotide and Montanide ISA 51 adjuvant combination enhanced the protective efficacy of a subunit malaria vaccine.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Efficacy of Immunostimulatory Adjuvants and Nano-Adjuvants in Current SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: A Comprehensive Review.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Immunoprevention of triple-negative breast cancer with a novel multivalent vaccine.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of different types of adjuvants in a malaria transmission-blocking vaccine.International immunopharmacology · 2024Article
- Potential adjuvants for the development of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine based on experimental results from similar coronaviruses.International immunopharmacology · 2020Review
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- Trial Watch: Peptide-based anticancer vaccines.Oncoimmunology · 2015Review
- Splenic CD11c+ cells derived from semi-immune mice protect naïve mice against experimental cerebral malaria.Malaria journal · 2015Article
- Vaccination with Toxoplasma lysate antigen and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides: comparison of immune responses in intranasal versus intramuscular administrations.Parasitology research · 2014Article
- Recent progress concerning CpG DNA and its use as a vaccine adjuvant.Expert review of vaccines · 2014Review
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- A chimeric Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein vaccine induces high titers of parasite growth inhibitory antibodies.Infection and immunity · 2013Article
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- Trace levels of innate immune response modulating impurities (IIRMIs) synergize to break tolerance to therapeutic proteins.PloS one · 2010Article
- Low doses of killed parasite in CpG elicit vigorous CD4+ T cell responses against blood-stage malaria in mice.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2010Article
- Article
- Baculovirus-based nasal drop vaccine confers complete protection against malaria by natural boosting of vaccine-induced antibodies in mice.Infection and immunity · 2010Article
- A review of adjuvants for Leishmania vaccine candidates.Journal of biomedical research · 2010Article
- Broad-spectrum drugs against viral agents.International journal of molecular sciences · 2008Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Unmethylated CpG dinucleotide motifs present in bacterial genomes or synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) serve as strong immunostimulatory agents in mice, monkeys and humans. We determined the adjuvant effect of murine CpG ODN 1826 on the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae-expressed 19-kDa C-terminal region of merozoite surface protein 1 (yMSP1(19)) of the murine malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii. We found that in C57BL/6 mice, following sporozoite challenge, the degree of protective immunity against malaria induced by yMSP1(19) in a formulation of Montanide ISA 51 (ISA) plus CpG ODN 1826 was similar or superior to that conferred by yMSP1(19) emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA/incomplete Freund's adjuvant). In total, among mice immunized with yMSP1(19), 22 of 32 (68.7%) with ISA plus CpG 1826, 0 of 4 (0%) with CFA/incomplete Freund's adjuvant, 0 of 4 (0%) with CpG 1826 mixed with ISA (no yMSP1(19)), and 0 of 11 (0%) with CpG 1826 alone were completely protected against development of erythrocytic stage infection after sporozoite challenge. The adjuvant effect of CpG ODN 1826 was manifested as both significantly improved complete protection from malaria (defined as the absence of detectable erythrocytic form parasites) (P = 0.007, chi square) and reduced parasite burden in infected mice. In vivo depletions of interleukin-12 and gamma interferon cytokines and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in vaccinated mice had no significant effect on immunity. On the other hand, immunoglobulin G (IgG) isotype levels appeared to correlate with protection. Inclusion of CpG ODN 1826 in the yMSP1(19) plus ISA vaccine contributed towards the induction of higher levels of IgG2a and IgG2b (Th1 type) antibodies, suggesting that CpG ODN 1826 caused a shift towards a Th1 type of immune response that could be responsible for the higher degree of protective immunity. Our results indicate that this potent adjuvant formulation should be further evaluated for use in clinical trials of recombinant malarial vaccine candidates.
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