ArticleInfection and immunity2004
Role of Toll-like receptor 4 in gram-positive and gram-negative pneumonia in mice.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03634293 (PCSK9 Inhibitor), which is not on this map. Cited by 109 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
PCSK9 Inhibitor: a New Tool to Fight Septic Shock
Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 247 citations in OpenAlex.
- Divergent effects of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in sepsis: a meta-analysis of experimental studies.Critical care (London, England) · 2024Pooled it
- Association of procalcitonin levels with multidrug-resistant bloodstream infections: a prospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the Percentage of Monocyte Subpopulations with TLR2 and TLR4 Expression About Selected Skin Functional Parameters in Patients with Acne Vulgaris-Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Understanding carbapenem-resistant hypervirulenthLife · 2024Review
- CMTM3 regulates neutrophil activation and aggravates sepsis through TLR4 signaling.EMBO reports · 2024Article
- Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin Kexin 9 Inhibitor in Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Patients in a Phase II Prospective Cohort Study-Preliminary Results.Infectious disease reports · 2024Article
- Vascular leak in sepsis: physiological basis and potential therapeutic advances.Critical care (London, England) · 2024Review
- Animal models ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Microbiome-based therapies for Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Review
- Cell-free hemoglobin triggers macrophage cytokine production via TLR4 and MyD88.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2024Article
- Longitudinal temperature measurement can determine humane endpoints in BALB/c mouse models of ESKAPEE infection.Virulence · 2023Article
- Myeloid miR-155 plays a limited role in antibacterial defense during Klebsiella-derived pneumosepsis and is dispensable for lipopolysaccharide- or Klebsiella-induced inflammation in mice.Pathogens and disease · 2023Article
- Plasmid-mediated virulence inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Impairment of Mitochondrial ATP Synthesis Induces RIPK3-dependent Necroptosis in Lung Epithelial Cells During Lung Injury by Lung Inflammation.Immune network · 2022Article
- Surfactant Protein A Enhances the Degradation of LPS-Induced TLR4 in Primary Alveolar Macrophages Involving Rab7, β-arrestin2, and mTORC1.Infection and immunity · 2022Article
- Neutrophil Recruitment in Pneumococcal Pneumonia.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Article
- Macrophage Meets the Circadian Clock: Implication of the Circadian Clock in the Role of Macrophages in Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Differential Gene Sets Profiling in Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Sepsis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Pathophysiology of reflux oesophagitis: role of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 and Farnesoid X receptor.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2021Article
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To determine the role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the immune response to pneumonia, C3H/HeJ mice (which display a mutant nonfunctional TLR4) and C3H/HeN wild-type mice were intranasally infected with either Streptococcus pneumoniae (a common gram-positive respiratory pathogen) or Klebsiella pneumoniae (a common gram-negative respiratory pathogen). In cases of pneumococcal pneumonia, TLR4 mutant mice showed a reduced survival only after infection with low-level bacterial doses, which was associated with a higher bacterial burden in their lungs 48 h postinfection. In Klebsiella pneumonia, TLR4 mutant mice demonstrated a shortened survival after infection with either a low- or a high-level bacterial dose together with an enhanced bacterial outgrowth in their lungs. These data suggest that TLR4 contributes to a protective immune response in both pneumococcal and Klebsiella pneumonia and that its role is more important in respiratory tract infection caused by the latter (gram-negative) pathogen.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.