ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2004
Histone H3.3 is enriched in covalent modifications associated with active chromatin.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 254 papers.
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254 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Histone H3 availability is more important for development than H3.2 versus H3.3 subtype identity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- MYC modulates TOP2A diffusion to promote substrate detection and activity.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Heterochromatome wide analyses reveal MBD2 as a phase separation scaffold for heterochromatin compartmentalization and composition.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Optimizing multifunctional fluorescent ligands for intracellular labeling.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Lysosomes signal through the epigenome to regulate longevity across generations.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
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- Daxx and HIRA go viral - How chromatin remodeling complexes affect DNA virus infection.Tumour virus research · 2025Review
- Genomic context-dependent histone H3K36 methylation by three Drosophila methyltransferases and implications for dedicated chromatin readers.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Phosphorylation of endothelial histone H3.3 serine 31 by PKN1 links flow-induced signaling to proatherogenic gene expression.Nature cardiovascular research · 2025Article
- Mapping heat stress-induced core histone post-translational modifications inEnvironmental epigenetics · 2025Article
- Retinoic acid-induced differentiation and oxidative stress inhibitors increase resistance of human neuroblastoma cells to La Crosse virus-induced cell death.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Online, Bottom-up Characterization of Histone H4 4-17 Isomers.Analytical chemistry · 2024Article
- Comprehensive posttranslational modifications in the testis-specific histone variant H3t protein validated in tagged knock-in mice.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Bottom-up Histone Post-translational Modification Analysis using Liquid Chromatography, Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry, and Tandem Mass Spectrometry.Journal of proteome research · 2024Article
194 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Abstract
Chromatin states can be distinguished by differential covalent modifications of histones or by utilization of histone variants. Chromatin associated with transcriptionally active loci becomes enriched for histones with particular lysine modifications and accumulates the H3.3 histone variant, the substrate for replication-independent nucleosome assembly. However, studies of modifications at particular loci have not distinguished between histone variants, so the relationship among modifications, histone variants, and nucleosome assembly pathways is unclear. To address this uncertainty, we have quantified the relative abundance of H3 and H3.3 and their lysine modifications. Using a Drosophila cell line system in which H3.3 has been shown to specifically package active loci, we found that H3.3 accounts for approximately 25% of total histone 3 in bulk chromatin, enough to package essentially all actively transcribed genes. MS and antibody characterization of separated histone 3 fractions revealed that H3.3 is relatively enriched in modifications associated with transcriptional activity and deficient in dimethyl lysine-9, which is abundant in heterochromatin. To explain enrichment on alternative variants, we propose that histone modifications are tied to the alternative nucleosome assembly pathways that use primarily H3 at replication forks and H3.3 at actively transcribed genes in a replication-independent manner.
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