ReviewClinical microbiology reviews2004
Theiler's virus infection: a model for multiple sclerosis.
Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 145 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
145 citing papers in PubMed, 304 citations in OpenAlex.
- Aneurysmal lesions of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm contain clonally expanded T cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Trial
- Neurofilament Light Chain (Nfl) Level in Serum as a Suitable In Vivo Biomaker for Axonal Damage in a Murine Viral Model of Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus as the infectious agent for a virally induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Viral associations in multiple sclerosis: pathogenetic mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Virology journal · 2026Review
- Co-infection with a viral pathogen (Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus) tended to improve host tolerance but significantly enhanced resistance to Heligmosomoides bakeri.Veterinary research communications · 2026Article
- The association between virus-induced spinal cord pathology and the genetic background of the host.Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology · 2026Article
- CLEC12A signaling represses protective immune responses and contributes to hippocampal pathology in neurotropic picornavirus infection.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Comparative Analysis of Genetic Risk for Viral-Induced Axonal Loss in Genetically Diverse Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Microglia/Macrophages in Autoimmune Demyelinating Encephalomyelitis (Multiple Sclerosis/Neuromyelitis Optica).International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Infection of a β-galactosidase-deficient mouse strain with Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus reveals limited immunological dysregulations in this lysosomal storage disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Multiple sclerosis: etiology in the context of neurovascular unit and immune system involvement and advancements withFrontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- CXCL13 as a Biomarker: Background and Utility in Multiple Sclerosis.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Exploring the Role of Platelets in Virus-Induced Inflammatory Demyelinating Disease and Myocarditis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Understanding the link between neurotropic viruses, BBB permeability, and MS pathogenesis.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Review
- Application of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus in treatment of multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Effect of Siponimod on Brain and Spinal Cord Imaging Markers of Neurodegeneration in the Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus Model of Demyelination.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- ASC- and caspase-1-deficient C57BL/6 mice do not develop demyelinating disease after infection with Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis.WIREs mechanisms of disease · 2023Review
- C57BL/6J mice exposed to perfluorooctanoic acid demonstrate altered immune responses and increased seizures after Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
85 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Both genetic background and environmental factors, very probably viruses, appear to play a role in the etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). Lessons from viral experimental models suggest that many different viruses may trigger inflammatory demyelinating diseases resembling MS. Theiler's virus, a picornavirus, induces in susceptible strains of mice early acute disease resembling encephalomyelitis followed by late chronic demyelinating disease, which is one of the best, if not the best, animal model for MS. During early acute disease the virus replicates in gray matter of the central nervous system but is eliminated to very low titers 2 weeks postinfection. Late chronic demyelinating disease becomes clinically apparent approximately 2 weeks later and is characterized by extensive demyelinating lesions and mononuclear cell infiltrates, progressive spinal cord atrophy, and axonal loss. Myelin damage is immunologically mediated, but it is not clear whether it is due to molecular mimicry or epitope spreading. Cytokines, nitric oxide/reactive nitrogen species, and costimulatory molecules are involved in the pathogenesis of both diseases. Close similarities between Theiler's virus-induced demyelinating disease in mice and MS in humans, include the following: major histocompatibility complex-dependent susceptibility; substantial similarities in neuropathology, including axonal damage and remyelination; and paucity of T-cell apoptosis in demyelinating disease. Both diseases are immunologically mediated. These common features emphasize the close similarities of Theiler's virus-induced demyelinating disease in mice and MS in humans.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.