ReviewEnvironmental health perspectives2004
Methodologic and statistical approaches to studying human fertility and environmental exposure.
Review in Environmental health perspectives, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prospective pregnancy study designs for assessing reproductive and developmental toxicants.Environmental health perspectives · 2004Pooled it
- Preconception low dose aspirin and time to pregnancy: findings from the effects of aspirin in gestation and reproduction randomized trial.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2015Trial
- Chlordecone exposure in women and time to pregnancy: the Timoun cohort study in Guadeloupe, French West Indies.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
- A new humanHuman reproduction open · 2025Article
- Association between peri-conceptional bisphenol A exposure in women and men and time to pregnancy-The HOPE study.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2019Article
- Compliance with daily, home-based collection of urinary biospecimens in a prospective, preconception cohort.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2019Article
- Organophosphate and Pyrethroid Pesticide Exposures Measured before Conception and Associations with Time to Pregnancy in Chinese Couples Enrolled in the Shanghai Birth Cohort.Environmental health perspectives · 2018Article
- The Home Observation of Periconceptional Exposures (HOPE) study, a prospective cohort: aims, design, recruitment and compliance.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2016Observational
- Comparison of the effects of mediterranean temperate and cold mountain climates on human fertility.Materia socio-medica · 2014Article
- Pilot test and validation of the peak day method of prospective determination of ovulation against a handheld urine hormone monitor.BMC women's health · 2014Article
- Epidemiologic tools to study the influence of environmental factors on fecundity and pregnancy-related outcomes.Epidemiologic reviews · 2014Review
- Impact of short-term preconceptional exposure to particulate air pollution on treatment outcome in couples undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF/ET).Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2010Article
- Studying human fertility.Environmental health perspectives · 2004Article
- Studying human fertility and environmental exposures.Environmental health perspectives · 2004Article
- Our once-in-a-lifetime opportunity.Environmental health perspectives · 2004Article
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3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although there has been growing concern about the effects of environmental exposures on human fertility, standard epidemiologic study designs may not collect sufficient data to identify subtle effects while properly adjusting for confounding. In particular, results from conventional time to pregnancy studies can be driven by the many sources of bias inherent in these studies. By prospectively collecting detailed records of menstrual bleeding, occurrences of intercourse, and a marker of ovulation day in each menstrual cycle, precise information on exposure effects can be obtained, adjusting for many of the primary sources of bias. This article provides an overview of the different types of study designs, focusing on the data required, the practical advantages and disadvantages of each design, and the statistical methods required to take full advantage of the available data. We conclude that detailed prospective studies allowing inferences on day-specific probabilities of conception should be considered as the gold standard for studying the effects of environmental exposures on fertility.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.