ArticleInfection and immunity2004
Single intranasal mucosal Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination confers improved protection compared to subcutaneous vaccination against pulmonary tuberculosis.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 158 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mucosal BCG Vaccination and Immune Layering: Route-Dependent Programming of Immunity at the Respiratory Interface.Vaccines · 2026Review
- BCG immunisation through intranasal instillation protects mice against Streptococcus pneumoniae infection by enhancing alveolar macrophage activity.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Application of luminescence-producing Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains for evaluating anti-tuberculosis drug and vaccine efficacy in vitro and in vivo.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- A review of the efficacy of clinical tuberculosis vaccine candidates in mouse models.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Intranasal BCG vaccination induces systemic and pulmonary mucosal immune responses against tuberculosis in a goat model.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Immune Response to the Recombinant Apa Protein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis Expressed in Streptomyces lividans After Intranasal Administration in Mice. Induction of Protective Response to Tubercle Bacillus Aerosols Exposure.Current microbiology · 2024Article
- Antigen identification strategies and preclinical evaluation models for advancing tuberculosis vaccine development.NPJ vaccines · 2024Review
- IV BCG Vaccination and Aerosol BCG Revaccination Induce Mycobacteria-Responsive γδ T Cells Associated with Protective Efficacy againstVaccines · 2023Article
- An anti-LpqH human monoclonal antibody from an asymptomatic individual mediates protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
- Host genetic background is a barrier to broadly effective vaccine-mediated protection against tuberculosis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023Article
- Vaccination Strategies in a Potential Use of the Vaccine against Bovine Tuberculosis in Infected Herds.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Self-adjuvanting nanovaccines boost lung-resident CD4NPJ vaccines · 2022Article
- A century of BCG vaccination: Immune mechanisms, animal models, non-traditional routes and implications for COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Optimizing the Boosting Schedule of Subunit Vaccines Consisting of BCG and "Non-BCG" Antigens to Induce Long-Term Immune Memory.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Article
- Interleukin-23 instructs protective multifunctional CD4 T cell responses after immunization with the Mycobacterium tuberculosis subunit vaccine H1 DDA/TDB independently of interleukin-17A.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Article
- Emerging Advances of Nanotechnology in Drug and Vaccine Delivery against Viral Associated Respiratory Infectious Diseases (VARID).International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Titrating Polyarginine into Nanofibers Enhances Cyclic-Dinucleotide AdjuvanticityACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2021Article
- The phenotypic and functional study of tissue B cells in respiratory system provided important information for diseases and development of vaccines.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2021Article
- Synthetic protein conjugate vaccines provide protection againstProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Whether the intranasal (i.n.) route of Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination provides better protection against pulmonary tuberculosis than subcutaneous (s.c.) vaccination remains an incompletely solved issue. In the present study, we compared both immune responses and protection elicited by single BCG vaccinations via the i.n. or s.c. route in BALB/c mice. While both i.n. and s.c. vaccination triggered comparable levels of primary immune activation in the spleen and draining lymph nodes, i.n. vaccination led to a greater antigen-specific gamma interferon recall response in splenocytes than s.c. vaccination upon secondary respiratory mycobacterial challenge, accompanied by an increased frequency of antigen-specific lymphocytes. There was also a quicker cellular response in the lungs of i.n. vaccinated mice upon mycobacterial challenge. Mice vaccinated i.n. were found to be much better protected, particularly in the lung, than s.c. vaccinated counterparts against pulmonary tuberculosis at both 3 and 6 months postvaccination. These results suggest that the i.n. route of vaccination improves the protective effect of the current BCG vaccine.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.