ArticleInfection and immunity2004
Role of Toll-like receptor 4 in induction of cell-mediated immunity and resistance to Brucella abortus infection in mice.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 124 citations in OpenAlex.
- The relationship between 896A/G (rs4986790) polymorphism ofFrontiers in genetics · 2022Pooled it
- The role of TLR4 896 A>G and 1196 C>T in susceptibility to infections: a review and meta-analysis of genetic association studies.PloS one · 2013Pooled it
- Breed-specific innate immune responses to Brucella abortus strain RB51 and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin in cattle.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Biological characteristics, human cell interaction mechanisms, and differential clinical outcomes of infection by Brucella melitensis, Brucella abortus, Brucella suis, and Brucella canis.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Review
- A BtpB-Deleted Brucella Vaccine Strain Provides Dual Advantages: Enhanced Protection and Diagnostic Differentiation Capability in Mice.Microbial biotechnology · 2025Article
- Momordica charantia phytoconstituents can inhibit human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infectivity in vitro and in vivo.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Article
- Review
- Beyond survival to domination:Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Exploring Peripheral Blood-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers: Implications for Chronic Chagas Disease with Viral Infection or Transplantation.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Review
- Review
- The IRE1α-XBP1 Signaling Axis Promotes Glycolytic Reprogramming in Response to Inflammatory Stimuli.mBio · 2023Article
- Review
- Key immunity characteristics of diverse stages of brucellosis in rural population from Inner Mongolia, China.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2022Article
- MyD88-Dependent Glucose Restriction and Itaconate Production Control Brucella Infection.Infection and immunity · 2021Article
- Protection of palmitic acid treatment in RAW264.7 cells and BALB/c mice duringJournal of veterinary science · 2021Article
- Identification of Dendritic Cell Maturation, TLR, and TREM1 Signaling Pathways in theFrontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
- ASC-Mediated Inflammation and Pyroptosis AttenuatesPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- The Role of Neutrophils in Brucellosis.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Initial host defense to bacterial infection is executed by innate immunity, and therefore the main goal of this study was to examine the contribution of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) during Brucella abortus infection. CHO reporter cell lines transfected with CD14 and TLRs showed that B. abortus triggers both TLR2 and TLR4. In contrast, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipid A derived from Brucella rough (R) and smooth (S) strains activate CHO cells only through TLR4. Consistently, macrophages from C3H/HePas mice exposed to R and S strains and their LPS produced higher levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-12 compared to C3H/HeJ, a TLR4 mutant mouse. The essential role of TLR4 for induction of proinflammatory cytokines was confirmed with diphosphoryl lipid A from Rhodobacter sphaeroides. Furthermore, to determine the contribution of TLR2 and TLR4 in bacterial clearance, numbers of Brucella were monitored in the spleen of C3H/HeJ, C3H/HePas, TLR2 knockout, and wild-type mice at 1, 3, and 6 weeks following B. abortus infection. Interestingly, murine brucellosis was markedly exacerbated at weeks 3 and 6 after infection in animals that lacked functional TLR4 (C3H/HeJ) compared to C3H/HePas that paralleled the reduced gamma interferon production by this mouse strain. Finally, by mass spectrometry analysis we found dramatic differences on the lipid A profiles of R and S strains. In fact, S lipid A was shown to be more active to trigger TLR4 than R lipid A in CHO cells and more effective in inducing dendritic cell maturation. In conclusion, these results indicate that TLR4 plays a role in resistance to B. abortus infection and that S lipid A has potent adjuvant activity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.