Evidence map›Paper›PMID 14687265›Full record

ReviewJournal of general internal medicine2003

Motivating and helping smokers to stop smoking.

John R Hughes

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · bronzeAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of general internal medicine, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 75 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
75citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01303081 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2011, after this paper: background citation

Financial Incentive Structures for Smoking Cessation: A Pilot Randomized Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of PennsylvaniaRan2011 to 2012Enrolled63ConditionsTobacco Use DisorderArmsIndividual Rewards, Fixed Deposits, Chosen Deposits, Competitive Deposits (Pari-Mutuel), Usual Care
NCT01526265 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2012, after this paper: background citation

Way to Quit - Comparative Efficacy, Acceptance and Effectiveness of Health Incentive Structures

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of PennsylvaniaRan2012 to 2015Enrolled2,185ConditionsTobacco Use DisorderArmsUsual Care, Individual Rewards, Fixed Deposits, Competitive Deposits (Pari-Mutuel), Collaborative Rewards
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

75 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 183 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. CHRNA3 rs1051730 genotype and short-term smoking cessation.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2011
    Pooled it
  4. Association of COMT Val(108/158)Met genotype and cigarette smoking in pregnant women.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2011
    Pooled it
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Impact of a board-game approach on current smokers: a randomized controlled trial.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2013
    Trial
  9. Effects of varenicline on abstinence and smoking reward following a programmed lapse.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2013
    Trial
  10. Trial
  11. Trial
  12. Trial
  13. Trial
  14. The role of nicotine replacement therapy in early quitting success.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2010
    Trial
  15. Trial
  16. Association of COMT Val108/158Met genotype with smoking cessation in a nicotine replacement therapy randomized trial.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2007
    Trial
  17. Review
  18. Impact of a dermatological rehabilitation program on cardiovascular risks of psoriasis patients.Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

John R HughesDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05401-1419, USA. john.hughes@uvm.edu
University of Vermont · US

Funding

NIDA NIH HHS DA-00450
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Smokers try to quit only once every 2 to 3 years and most do not use proven treatments. Repeated, brief, diplomatic advice increases quit rates. Such advice should include a clear request to quit, reinforcing personal risks of smoking and their reversibility, offering solutions to barriers to quitting, and offering treatment. All smokers should be encouraged to use both medications and counseling. Scientifically proven, first-line medications are nicotine gum, inhaler, lozenge, and patch plus the nonnicotine medication bupropion. Proven second-line medications are clonidine, nicotine nasal spray, and nortriptyline. These medications are equally effective and safe and the incidence of dependence is very small. The proven psychosocial therapies are behavioral and supportive therapies. These are as effective as medications and are effective via individual counseling, group, and telephone formats. The writing of this article was supported in part by Senior Scientist Award DA-00450 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse.

Indexed as

MotivationBehavior TherapyHumansSmoking Cessation

Identifiers

PMID14687265
PMCPMC1494968
OpenAlexW2095457586

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.