Evidence map›Paper›PMID 14685870›Full record

Trial reportEuropean journal of applied physiology2004

The effects of creatine supplementation on muscular performance and body composition responses to short-term resistance training overreaching.

Jeff S Volek, Nicholas A Ratamess, Martyn R Rubin, Ana L Gómez, Duncan N French, Michael M McGuigan, Timothy P Scheett, Matthew J Sharman, Keijo Häkkinen, William J Kraemer

Abstract readClinical TrialRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in European journal of applied physiology, 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. Does creatine cause hair loss? A 12-week randomized controlled trial.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025
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  16. 0.33Science advances · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Jeff S VolekHuman Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA. jeff.volek@uconn.edu
Nicholas A Ratamess
Martyn R Rubin
Ana L Gómez
Duncan N French
Michael M McGuigan
Timothy P Scheett
Matthew J Sharman
Keijo Häkkinen
William J Kraemer
University of Connecticut · USUniversity of Jyväskylä · FI

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To determine the effects of creatine supplementation during short-term resistance training overreaching on performance, body composition, and resting hormone concentrations, 17 men were randomly assigned to supplement with 0.3 g/kg per day of creatine monohydrate (CrM: n=9) or placebo (P: n=8) while performing resistance exercise (5 days/week for 4 weeks) followed by a 2-week taper phase. Maximal squat and bench press and explosive power in the bench press were reduced during the initial weeks of training in P but not CrM. Explosive power in the bench press, body mass, and lean body mass (LBM) in the legs were augmented to a greater extent in CrM ( P<or=0.05) by the end of the 6-week period. A tendency for greater 1-RM squat improvement ( P=0.09) was also observed in CrM. Total testosterone (TT) and the free androgen index (TT/SHBG) decreased in CrM and P, reaching a nadir at week 3, whereas sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) responded in an opposite direction. Cortisol significantly increased after week 1 in CrM (+29%), and returned to baseline at week 2. Insulin was significantly depressed at week 1 (-24%) and drifted back toward baseline during weeks 2-4. Growth hormone and IGF-I levels were not affected. Therefore, some measures of muscular performance and body composition are enhanced to a greater extent following the rebound phase of short-term resistance training overreaching with creatine supplementation and these changes are not related to changes in circulating hormone concentrations obtained in the resting, postabsorptive state. In addition, creatine supplementation appears to be effective for maintaining muscular performance during the initial phase of high-volume resistance training overreaching that otherwise results in small performance decrements.

Indexed as

Dietary SupplementsAdaptation, PhysiologicalAdministration, OralAdultBlood PressureBody CompositionCreatineHeart RateHormonesHumansMaleMuscle ContractionMuscle, SkeletalPhysical Education and TrainingPhysical EndurancePsychomotor PerformanceCreatineHormones

Identifiers

PMID14685870
OpenAlexW1988348580

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.