ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2003
Proinflammatory functions of vascular endothelial growth factor in alloimmunity.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 117 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
117 citing papers in PubMed, 244 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Neuropilin-2 functions as a coinhibitory receptor to regulate antigen-induced inflammation and allograft rejection.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Immediate postoperative effects of cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy using carboplatin on peritoneal tissue inflammatory and ischemic responses: an explorative porcine study.Pleura and peritoneum · 2025Article
- Associations Between Inflammatory and Bone Turnover Markers and Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Combination Automated Microfluidics Measurement of Urine C-C Motif Ligand 2, CXC-Motif Chemokine 9, CXC-Motif Chemokine 10, and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A for Monitoring Patients with a Kidney Transplant.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2025Article
- A new approach to treatment of stress urinary incontinence using non-ablative transurethral laser.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Primary Graft Dysfunction after Heart Transplantation: Current Evidence and Implications for Clinical Practice.Current cardiology reports · 2025Review
- Monoclonal Antibodies Against Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGF-A) Reduce Synovitis, Bone Damage, and Osteogenesis in an SKG Mouse Model of Spondyloarthritis.Journal of immunology research · 2025Article
- Inflammation in atherosclerosis: pathophysiology and mechanisms.Cell death & disease · 2024Review
- Cytokine landscape in hospitalized children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Association between rTMS-induced changes in inflammatory markers and improvement in psychiatric diseases: a systematic review.Annals of general psychiatry · 2024Review
- Intramuscular Pulsed Radiofrequency Upregulates BNDF-TrKB Expression in the Spinal Cord in Rats as an Alternative Treatment for Complicated Pain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Encapsulating a Benzoxanthene Derivative in a Model of the Human Blood-Brain Barrier: Modulation of Angiogenic Parameters and Inflammation in Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Stimulated Angiogenesis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Immune Dysregulation in Endometriomas: Implications for Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Dose-Related Side Effects of Intravitreal Injections of Humanized Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Rats: Glial Cell Reactivity and Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Elevated tumor necrosis factor alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor in intermediate age-related macular degeneration and geographic atrophy.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Neurological sequelae of long COVID: a comprehensive review of diagnostic imaging, underlying mechanisms, and potential therapeutics.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Review
57 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an established angiogenesis factor, is expressed in allografts undergoing rejection, but its function in the rejection process has not been defined. Here, we initially determined that VEGF is functional in the trafficking of human T cells into skin allografts in vivo in the humanized SCID mouse. In vitro, we found that VEGF enhanced endothelial cell expression of the chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and IL-8, and in combination with IFN-gamma synergistically induced endothelial cell production of the potent T cell chemoattractant IFN-inducible protein-10 (IP-10). Treatment of BALB/c (H-2d) recipients of fully MHC-mismatched C57BL/6 (H-2b) donor hearts with anti-VEGF markedly inhibited T cell infiltration of allografts and acute rejection. Anti-VEGF failed to inhibit T cell activation responses in vivo, but inhibited intragraft expression of several endothelial cell adhesion molecules and chemokines, including IP-10. In addition, whereas VEGF expression was increased, neovascularization was not associated with acute rejection, and treatment of allograft recipients with the angiogenesis inhibitor endostatin failed to inhibit leukocyte infiltration of the grafts. Thus, VEGF appears to be functional in acute allograft rejection via its effects on leukocyte trafficking. Together, these observations provide mechanistic insight into the proinflammatory function of VEGF in immunity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.