Trial reportPediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)2004
Enalapril dosage in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.
Trial report in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2004. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions for idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- IPNA clinical practice recommendations for the diagnosis and management of children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2020Guideline
- Interventions for idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Interventions for idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Clinical practice guideline for pediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome 2013: medical therapy.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2015Guideline
- Treatment of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children: new guidelines from KDIGO.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2013Guideline
- Effect of fosinopril in children with steroid-resistant idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2006Trial
- Recessive variants in the intergenic NOS1AP-C1orf226 locus cause monogenic kidney disease responsive to anti-proteinuric treatment.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Spectrum of Alport syndrome in an Indian cohort.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Article
- Genetic stratification reveals COL4A variants and spontaneous remission in Egyptian children with proteinuria in the first 2 years of life.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2023Article
- Outcomes of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children not treated with intensified immunosuppression.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Article
- Efficacy and Safety of ACE Inhibitor and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Therapies in Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Kidney medicine · 2022Article
- Clinical Efficacy of Persian Medicine Diet Combined with Western Medicine-Based Diet on Proteinuria in Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Hypomethylation of NLRP3 gene promoter discriminates glucocorticoid-resistant from glucocorticoid-sensitive idiopathic nephrotic syndrome patients.Clinical and translational science · 2021Observational
- Current understandings in treating children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Review
- Rituximab therapy for refractory steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2020Review
- Treatment of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in the genomic era.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2019Review
- Evidence for a role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 in proteinuria of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.Bioscience reports · 2019Article
- Treatment of Genetic Forms of Nephrotic Syndrome.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2018Review
- Monogenic Causes of Proteinuria in Children.Frontiers in medicine · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We have examined, in a randomized crossover trial, the antiproteinuric effect of treatment with low- (0.2 mg/kg daily) and high-dose (0.6 mg/kg daily) enalapril in 25 consecutive patients with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). Patients in group A ( n=11) received enalapril at low doses for 8 weeks, followed by 2 weeks of washout and then at high doses for 8 weeks. Those in group B ( n=14) initially received enalapril at high and then low doses. Patients continued to receive treatment with tapering doses of prednisolone; none received concomitant therapy with daily oral or intravenous steroids, alkylating agents, cyclosporine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and other antihypertensive medications. The urine albumin-to-creatinine (Ua/Uc) ratio and the percentage reduction were determined for each phase of therapy. Baseline clinical, biochemical, and histological features were comparable in the two groups. In the first phase, treatment with low-dose enalapril (group A) resulted in median 34.8% Ua/Uc reduction compared with 62.9% with high doses (group B) ( P<0.01). High-dose enalapril was associated with a significant reduction in Ua/Uc ratio in both groups. The combined median Ua/Uc (95% confidence interval) reduction in the low-dose phase was 33% (-10.3% to 72.4%) and in the high-dose 52% (15.4%-70.4%) ( P<0.05). The median Ua/Uc ratio at the end of 20 weeks was 1.1 and 1.8 in groups A and B, respectively ( P>0.05). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure reductions were similar in both groups. No period or carry-over effect was found. Prolonged treatment with enalapril thus resulted in a dose-related reduction in nephrotic-range proteinuria. Titration of the dose of enalapril may be a useful strategy for achieving substantial reduction of proteinuria in children with SRNS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.