ArticlePharmacoEconomics2003
Indirect costs in ambulatory patients with HIV/AIDS in Spain: a pilot study.
Article in PharmacoEconomics, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- An international compendium of health state utilities in people with HIV: a systematic review.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025Pooled it
- Longitudinal and cross sectional assessments of health utility in adults with HIV/AIDS: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC health services research · 2015Pooled it
- Medical resource utilization and cost of HIV-related care in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era at a University Clinic in Sweden.PharmacoEconomics · 2010Article
- The economic costs and health-related quality of life of people with HIV/AIDS in the Canary Islands, Spain.BMC health services research · 2009Article
- Cost-of-illness studies : a review of current methods.PharmacoEconomics · 2006Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate indirect costs in Spanish ambulatory patients with HIV/AIDS and to identify changes in employment status and their current QOL.
methodInformation was obtained through 32 interviews/enquiries carried out with ambulatory patients receiving medical attention at Gregorio Marañón and Puerta de Hierro hospitals in Madrid, Spain. The study variables included information on sociodemographics, economics, and clinical and QOL (EuroQol instrument; EQ-5D) parameters of these patients.
resultsOur main result showed the existence of high indirect costs (lost income and lost wages; 2002 values) at the individual level. We identified a strong effect in terms of income loss (the annual loss of income ranged between Euro 5271 and Euro 6150 per patient) and lost wages (the annual loss of wages ranged between Euro 7537 and Euro 8793 per patient). We also observed a strong impact on household income (the annual loss of household income ranged between Euro 6693 and Euro 7813). There was a great variability in these costs among the patients depending on their QOL, gender and education. We detected a statistically significant and positive correlation between QOL and having a job.
conclusionsWe observed a high level of QOL among the patients, which reflects the potential benefits of pharmacological treatment. We found that the better the QOL, the higher the probability of being employed. However, indirect costs were high among patients despite their good QOL.
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Registered trials
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