ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2003
The homodimer of prostate-specific membrane antigen is a functional target for cancer therapy.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 232 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Immunoinformatics-driven multi-epitope vaccine design targeting PSMA, STEAP1, and B7H3 for prostate cancer.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- In-bore MRI-compatible transrectal ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging.Photoacoustics · 2025Article
- An Overview of Target Membrane Proteins for Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- PROTAC technology for prostate cancer treatment.Acta materia medica · 2025Article
- Biological determinants of PSMA expression, regulation and heterogeneity in prostate cancer.Nature reviews. Urology · 2025Review
- Theranostics Nuclear Medicine in Prostate Cancer.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Biology and Pathophysiology in Prostate Carcinoma, an Update: Potential Implications for Targeted Imaging and Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- DNA-encoded chemical libraries enable the discovery of potent PSMA-ligands with substantially reduced affinity towards the GCPIII anti-target.Chemical science · 2024Article
- Control of the antitumour activity and specificity of CAR T cells via organic adapters covalently tethering the CAR to tumour cells.Nature biomedical engineering · 2024Article
- Recent advances in the development ofAnalytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry · 2024Review
- "One Method to Label Them All": A Single Fully Automated Protocol for GMP-CompliantCurrent radiopharmaceuticals · 2024Article
- Structure-activity relationship study of mesyl and busyl phosphoramidate antisense oligonucleotides for unaided and PSMA-mediated uptake into prostate cancer cells.Frontiers in chemistry · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Review
- Lutetium-177 Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-617 Treatment in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Adenocarcinoma: Results of Single-Center Experience.The Eurasian journal of medicine · 2023Article
- Imageological/Structural Study regarding the Improved Pharmacokinetics byPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Synthesis and radiolabelling of PSMA-targeted derivatives containing GYK/MVK cleavable linkers.Royal Society open science · 2023Article
- Targeted Radiation and Immune Therapies-Advances and Opportunities for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a type 2 integral membrane glycoprotein that serves as an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy by virtue of its abundant and restricted expression on the surface of prostate carcinomas and the neovasculature of most other solid tumors. However, relatively little is known about the molecular structure of this target. Here, we report that PSMA is expressed on tumor cells as a noncovalent homodimer. A truncated PSMA protein, lacking transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains, also formed homodimers, indicating that the extracellular domain is sufficient for dimerization. PSMA dimers but not monomers displayed a native conformation and possessed high-level carboxypeptidase activity. A unique dimer-specific epitope was identified by using one of a panel of novel mAbs. When used to immunize animals, dimer but not monomer elicited antibodies that efficiently recognized PSMA-expressing tumor cells. These findings on PSMA structure and biology may have important implications for active and passive immunotherapy of prostate and other cancers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.