ArticleJournal of virology2003
Relative age of proviral porcine endogenous retrovirus sequences in Sus scrofa based on the molecular clock hypothesis.
Article in Journal of virology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reliable Polymerase Chain Reaction Methods for Screening for Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses-C (PERV-C) in Pigs.Viruses · 2025Article
- Porcine endogenous retrovirus: classification, molecular structure, regulation, function, and potential risk in xenotransplantation.Functional & integrative genomics · 2023Review
- Detection of non-reference porcine endogenous retrovirus loci in the Vietnamese native pig genome.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Scan of the endogenous retrovirus sequences across the swine genome and survey of their copy number variation and sequence diversity among various Chinese and Western pig breeds.Zoological research · 2022Article
- Article
- High Prevalence of Recombinant Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses (PERV-A/Cs) in Minipigs: A Review on Origin and Presence.Viruses · 2021Review
- The origin of porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs).Archives of virology · 2021Review
- Viral Metagenomic Profiling of Croatian Bat Population Reveals Sample and Habitat Dependent Diversity.Viruses · 2020Article
- Copy Number and Prevalence of Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses (PERVs) in German Wild Boars.Viruses · 2020Article
- Xenotransplantation: Current Status in Preclinical Research.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus (PERV) - Molecular Structure and Replication Strategy in the Context of Retroviral Infection Risk of Human Cells.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- Long-read genome sequence assembly provides insight into ongoing retroviral invasion of the koala germline.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Genetically Modified Pigs as Organ Donors for Xenotransplantation.Molecular biotechnology · 2017Review
- Review
- How Active Are Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses (PERVs)?Viruses · 2016Review
- An Evolutionarily Young Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus) Endogenous Retrovirus Identified from Next Generation Sequence Data.Viruses · 2015Article
- Detailed mapping of determinants within the porcine endogenous retrovirus envelope surface unit identifies critical residues for human cell infection within the proline-rich region.Journal of virology · 2012Article
- Molecular characterization of a novel gammaretrovirus in killer whales (Orcinus orca).Journal of virology · 2009Article
- Identification of residues outside of the receptor binding domain that influence the infectivity and tropism of porcine endogenous retrovirus.Journal of virology · 2008Article
- Evolutionary spread and recombination of porcine endogenous retroviruses in the suiformes.Journal of virology · 2005Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERV) are discussed as putative infectious agents in xenotransplantation. PERV classes A, B, and C harbor different envelope proteins. Two different types of long terminal repeat (LTR) structures exist, of which both are present only in PERV-A. One type of LTR contains a distinct repeat structure in U3, while the other is repeatless, conferring a lower level of transcriptional activity. Since the different LTR structures are distributed unequally among the proviruses and, apparently, PERV is the only virus harboring two different LTR structures, we were interested in determining which LTR is the ancestor. Replication-competent viruses can still be found today, suggesting an evolutionary recent origin. Our studies revealed that the age of PERV is at most 7.6 x 10(6) years, whereas the repeatless LTR type evolved approximately 3.4 x 10(6) years ago, being the phylogenetically younger structure. The age determined for PERV correlates with the time of separation between pigs (Suidae, Sus scrofa) and their closest relatives, American-born peccaries (Tayassuidae, Pecari tajacu), 7.4 x 10(6) years ago.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.