ArticleJournal of virology2003
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enters primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells by a mechanism involving cell surface proteoglycans independent of lipid rafts.
Article in Journal of virology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current State of Therapeutics for HTLV-1.Viruses · 2024Review
- Neuropathies and neurological dysfunction induced by coronaviruses.Journal of neurovirology · 2021Review
- Heparan sulfate proteoglycan-mediated dynamin-dependent transport of neural stem cell exosomes in an in vitro blood-brain barrier model.The European journal of neuroscience · 2021Article
- Review
- Protein LY6E as a candidate for mediating transport of adeno-associated virus across the human blood-brain barrier.Journal of neurovirology · 2020Article
- The Paradox of HIV Blood-Brain Barrier Penetrance and Antiretroviral Drug Delivery Deficiencies.Trends in neurosciences · 2020Review
- Molecular Signatures of HIV-1 Envelope Associated with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2018Review
- Sulfotransferase and Heparanase: Remodeling Engines in Promoting Virus Infection and Disease Development.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2018Review
- HIV-associated synaptic degeneration.Molecular brain · 2017Review
- Genome-Wide Screening Uncovers the Significance of N-Sulfation of Heparan Sulfate as a Host Cell Factor for Chikungunya Virus Infection.Journal of virology · 2017Article
- Exosomes contribute to the transmission of anti-HIV activity from TLR3-activated brain microvascular endothelial cells to macrophages.Antiviral research · 2016Article
- Glycosaminoglycans and infection.Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition) · 2016Review
- Effect of human immunodeficiency virus on blood-brain barrier integrity and function: an update.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2015Review
- Chondroitin Sulfate is the Primary Receptor for a Peptide-Modified AAV That Targets Brain Vascular Endothelium In Vivo.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2014Article
- TRIM5α and TRIM22 are differentially regulated according to HIV-1 infection phase and compartment.Journal of virology · 2014Article
- Heme oxygenase-1 dysregulation in the brain: implications for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Current HIV research · 2014Review
- Human immunodeficiency virus and heparan sulfate: from attachment to entry inhibition.Frontiers in immunology · 2013Review
- When human immunodeficiency virus meets chemokines and microglia: neuroprotection or neurodegeneration?Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2013Review
- Article
- Role of heparan sulfate in sexually transmitted infections.Glycobiology · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Several studies have reported a crucial role for cholesterol-enriched membrane lipid rafts and cell-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), a class of molecules that can localize in lipid rafts, in the entry of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) into permissive cells. For the present study, we examined the role of these cell surface moieties in HIV-1 entry into primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs), which represent an important HIV-1 central nervous system-based cell reservoir and a portal for neuroinvasion. Cellular cholesterol was depleted by exposure to beta-cyclodextrins and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins), the loss of cholesterol was quantitated, and disruption of membrane rafts was verified by immunofluorescence. Nevertheless, these treatments did not affect binding of several strains of HIV-1 virions to BMVECs at 4 degrees C or their infectivities at 37 degrees C. In contrast, we confirmed that cholesterol depletion and raft disruption strongly inhibited HIV-1 binding and infection of Jurkat T cells. Enzymatic digestion of cell-associated HSPGs on human BMVECs dramatically inhibited HIV-1 infection, and our data from quantitative HIV-1 DNA PCR analysis strongly suggest that cell-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans greatly facilitate infective entry of HIV-1 into human BMVECs. These findings, in combination with our earlier work showing that human BMVECs lack CD4, indicate that the molecular mechanisms for HIV-1 entry into BMVECs are fundamentally different from that of viral entry into T cells, in which lipid rafts, CD4, and probably HSPGs play important roles.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.