ArticleInfection and immunity2003
Recombinant Leishmania major secreting biologically active granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor survives poorly in macrophages in vitro and delays disease development in mice.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- The transition of M-CSF-derived human macrophages to a growth-promoting phenotype.Blood advances · 2020Article
- A candidate vaccine for human visceral leishmaniasis based on a specific T cell epitope-containing chimeric protein protects mice againstNPJ vaccines · 2020Article
- Investigating immune responses to parasites using transgenesis.Parasites & vectors · 2019Review
- Immunology and Genetic ofJournal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2018Review
- An 8-hydroxyquinoline-containing polymeric micelle system is effective for the treatment of murine tegumentary leishmaniasis.Parasitology research · 2016Article
- Chromosomal Translocations in the Parasite Leishmania by a MRE11/RAD50-Independent Microhomology-Mediated End Joining Mechanism.PLoS genetics · 2016Article
- A Leishmania-specific hypothetical protein expressed in both promastigote and amastigote stages of Leishmania infantum employed for the serodiagnosis of, and as a vaccine candidate against, visceral leishmaniasis.Parasites & vectors · 2015Article
- Article
- Mimotope-based vaccines of Leishmania infantum antigens and their protective efficacy against visceral leishmaniasis.PloS one · 2014Article
- Development of Leishmania vaccines: predicting the future from past and present experience.Journal of biomedical research · 2013Article
- Antigenicity and protective efficacy of a Leishmania amastigote-specific protein, member of the super-oxygenase family, against visceral leishmaniasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2013Article
- Photodynamic vaccination of hamsters with inducible suicidal mutants of Leishmania amazonensis elicits immunity against visceral leishmaniasis.European journal of immunology · 2009Article
- Transgenic Leishmania and the immune response to infection.Parasite immunology · 2008Review
- Reduced pathology following infection with transgenic Leishmania major expressing murine CD40 ligand.Infection and immunity · 2007Article
- CXCL10/gamma interferon-inducible protein 10-mediated protection against Leishmania amazonensis infection in mice.Infection and immunity · 2006Article
- Genetics of susceptibility to leishmaniasis in mice: four novel loci and functional heterogeneity of gene effects.Genes and immunity · 2006Article
- Live nonpathogenic parasitic vector as a candidate vaccine against visceral leishmaniasis.Infection and immunity · 2005Article
- Expression of Pro-inflammatory Genes in Lesions and Neutrophils duringIranian journal of parasitologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Leishmania is an intracellular pathogen that replicates inside macrophages. Activated macrophages produce a specific subset of cytokines that play an important role in the control of Leishmania infections. As part of our interest in developing suicide parasites that produce abortive infections for the purposes of vaccination, we engineered recombinant Leishmania major strains producing biologically active granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). We showed that GM-CSF is being produced in the phagosomes of infected macrophages and that it can be detected in the culture supernatants of both infected macrophages and extracellular parasites. Our data support the notion that GM-CSF secreted by both developmental forms of recombinant L. major can activate macrophages to produce high levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-6, and IL-18 and various chemokines including RANTES/CCL5, MIP-1alpha/CCL3, MIP-1beta/CCL4, MIP-2/CXCL2, and MCP-1/CCL2, which enhance parasite killing. Indeed, GM-CSF-expressing parasites survive poorly in macrophages in vitro and produce delayed lesion development in susceptible BALB/c mice in vivo. Selective killing of intracellular Leishmania expressing cytokine genes capable of activating cellular responses may constitute a promising strategy to control and/or prevent parasitic infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.