ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2003
The Tat/TAR-dependent phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain stimulates cotranscriptional capping of HIV-1 mRNA.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cardiomyocyte Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 directly binds to and phosphorylates NF-κB p65 subunit to drive cardiac inflammation and remodeling.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Human chromatin remodelers regulating HIV-1 transcription: a target for small molecule inhibitors.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2025Review
- Review
- Nanoparticle delivery of Tat synergizes with classical latency reversal agents to express HIV antigen targets.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Kinetic pathway of HIV-1 TAR cotranscriptional folding.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- When cyclin-dependent kinases meet viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2.Journal of medical virology · 2022Review
- Anomalous HIV-1 RNA, How Cap-Methylation Segregates Viral Transcripts by Form and Function.Viruses · 2022Review
- Article
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDK) and Their Role in Diseases Development-Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- NMR Studies of Retroviral Genome Packaging.Viruses · 2020Review
- Structural basis for transcriptional start site control of HIV-1 RNA fate.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2020Article
- Tat IRES modulator of tat mRNA (TIM-TAM): a conserved RNA structure that controls Tat expression and acts as a switch for HIV productive and latent infection.Nucleic acids research · 2020Article
- The HIV-1 Tat Protein Enhances Splicing at the Major Splice Donor Site.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Methamphetamine augment HIV-1 Tat mediated memory deficits by altering the expression of synaptic proteins and neurotrophic factors.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2018Article
- Differential Effects of Strategies to Improve the Transduction Efficiency of Lentiviral Vector that Conveys an Anti-HIV Protein, Nullbasic, in Human T Cells.Virologica Sinica · 2018Article
- Post-translational Modification-Based Regulation of HIV Replication.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- Underlying mechanisms of HIV-1 latency.Virus genes · 2017Review
- Review
- Transcriptional start site heterogeneity modulates the structure and function of the HIV-1 genome.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- Molecular mechanisms of HIV latency.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The HIV type 1 (HIV-1) Tat protein stimulates transcription elongation by recruiting P-TEFb (CDK9/cyclin T1) to the transactivation response (TAR) RNA structure. Tat-induced CDK9 kinase has been shown to phosphorylate Ser-5 of RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) C-terminal domain (CTD). Results presented here demonstrate that Tat-induced Ser-5 phosphorylation of CTD by P-TEFb stimulates the guanylyltransferase activity of human capping enzyme and RNA cap formation. Sequential phosphorylation of CTD by Tat-induced P-TEFb enhances the stimulation of human capping enzyme guanylyltransferase activity and RNA cap formation by transcription factor IIH-mediated CTD phosphorylation. Using an immobilized template assay that permits isolation of transcription complexes, we show that Tat/TAR-dependent phosphorylation of RNAP II CTD stimulates cotranscriptional capping of HIV-1 mRNA. Upon transcriptional induction of latently infected cells, accumulation of capped transcripts occurs along with Ser-5-phosphorylated RNAP II in the promoter proximal region of the HIV-1 genome. Therefore, these observations suggest that Tat/TAR-dependent phosphorylation of RNAP II CTD is crucial not only in promoting transcription elongation but also in stimulating nascent viral RNA capping.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.