ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2003
Disruption of TGF-beta signaling in T cells accelerates atherosclerosis.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 161 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
161 citing papers in PubMed, 434 citations in OpenAlex.
- Statin-induced microRNAome alterations modulating inflammation pathways of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with hypercholesterolemia.Bioscience reports · 2020Trial
- Suggestive Contribution of Sequence Signal Gene Variants of TGF-β1 in Development of Type 1 Diabetes, Diabetic Neuropathy, and Modulation of Lipid Profile.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- Uncovering Shared Diagnostic Genes and Mechanisms in Chronic Kidney Disease and Atherosclerosis: A Bioinformatics Approach.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- T cells in cardiovascular disease: solved and unsolved mysteries.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Review
- TGF-β1 Is Associated with Left Ventricular Dysfunction.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Fortilin deficiency induces anti-atherosclerotic phenotypes in macrophages and protects hypercholesterolemic mice against atherosclerosis.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Loss of effector TNature cardiovascular research · 2025Article
- T cells in cardiac health and disease.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- TNF superfamily molecules in atherosclerosis: mechanistic insights and therapeutic translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The role of immune checkpoints PD-1 and CTLA-4 in cardiovascular complications leading to heart failure.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Treg cells promote decidual vascular remodeling and modulate uterine NK cells in pregnant mice.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Association between Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Another Brick in the Wall.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Immunological perspectives on atherosclerotic plaque formation and progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Knowledge mapping of B cell and atherosclerosis over the past 20 years: A bibliometric analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Single-cell profiling reveals age-associated immunity in atherosclerosis.Cardiovascular research · 2023Article
- Beneficial Effects of Moderate Hepatic Activin A Expression on Metabolic Pathways, Inflammation, and Atherosclerosis.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2023Article
- TGFβ signaling pathways in human health and disease.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Review
- A novel interleukin-2-based fusion molecule, HCW9302, differentially promotes regulatory T cell expansion to treat atherosclerosis in mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Immunotherapy-Associated Atherosclerosis: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Findings and Implications for Future Research.Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- The Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in Plaque Stability.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
101 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease promoted by hypercholesterolemia. The role of adaptive immunity has been controversial, however. We hypothesized that proatherogenic T cells are controlled by immunoregulatory cytokines. Among them, TGF-beta has been implied in atherosclerosis, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. We crossed atherosclerosis-prone ApoE-knockout mice with transgenic mice carrying a dominant negative TGF-beta receptor II in T cells. The ApoE-knockout mice with disrupted TGF-beta signaling in T cells exhibited a sixfold increase in aortic lesion surface area, a threefold increase in aortic root lesion size, and a 125-fold increase in aortic IFN-gamma mRNA when compared with age-matched ApoE-knockout littermates. When comparing size-matched lesions, those of mice with T cell-specific blockade of TGF-beta signaling displayed increased T cells, activated macrophages, and reduced collagen, consistent with a more vulnerable phenotype. Ab's to oxidized LDL, circulating T cell cytokines, and spleen T cell activity were all increased in ApoE-knockout mice with dominant negative TGF-beta receptors in T cells. Taken together, these results show that abrogation of TGF-beta signaling in T cells increases atherosclerosis and suggest that TGF-beta reduces atherosclerosis by dampening T cell activation. Inhibition of T cell activation may therefore represent a strategy for antiatherosclerotic therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.