ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2003
HIV-1 in genital tract and plasma of women: compartmentalization of viral sequences, coreceptor usage, and glycosylation.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed.
- Compartmentalized replication of R5 T cell-tropic HIV-1 in the central nervous system early in the course of infection.PLoS pathogens · 2015Trial
- Trial
- HIV-1 Nef sequence and functional compartmentalization in the gut is not due to differential cytotoxic T lymphocyte selective pressure.PloS one · 2013Trial
- Women with cervicovaginal antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity have lower genital HIV-1 RNA loads.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2004Trial
- Evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 coreceptor usage during antiretroviral Therapy: a Bayesian approach.Journal of virology · 2004Trial
- Partial compartmentalisation of HIV-1 subtype C between lymph nodes, peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma.Virology · 2023Article
- Evolution of Specialization in Heterogeneous Environments: Equilibrium Between Selection, Mutation and Migration.Genetics · 2020Article
- Sexually transmitted infections and HIV in the era of antiretroviral treatment and prevention: the biologic basis for epidemiologic synergy.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Review
- Evidence for both Intermittent and Persistent Compartmentalization of HIV-1 in the Female Genital Tract.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- High discordance in blood and genital tract HIV-1 drug resistance in Indian women failing first-line therapy.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2018Article
- Prevalence, Magnitude, and Correlates of HIV-1 Genital Shedding in Women on Antiretroviral Therapy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Article
- A spatio-temporal assessment of simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) evolution reveals a highly dynamic process within the host.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- Phylogenetics and Phyloanatomy of HIV/SIV Intra-Host Compartments and Reservoirs: The Key Role of the Central Nervous System.Current HIV research · 2016Review
- Well-mixed plasma and tissue viral populations in RT-SHIV-infected macaques implies a lack of viral replication in the tissues during antiretroviral therapy.Retrovirology · 2015Article
- Compartmentalization, Viral Evolution, and Viral Latency of HIV in the CNS.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2015Review
- HIV-1 genital shedding is suppressed in the setting of high genital antiretroviral drug concentrations throughout the menstrual cycle.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2014Article
- Genital tract HIV RNA levels and their associations with human papillomavirus infection and risk of cervical precancer.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2014Article
- Molecular tools for studying HIV transmission in sexual networks.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2014Review
- HIV-1 envelope replication and α4β7 utilization among newly infected subjects and their corresponding heterosexual partners.Retrovirology · 2013Article
- Plasma and mucosal HIV viral loads are associated with genital tract inflammation in HIV-infected women.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Worldwide, 90% of HIV-1 infections are transmitted heterosexually. Because the genital mucosa are the sites of initial contact with HIV-1 for most exposed individuals, study of the virus from the genital tract is critical for the development of vaccines and therapeutics. Previous analyses of HIV-1 in various tissues have documented compartmentalization of viral genomes. Whether compartmentalization was associated with viral phenotypic differences or immune status, however, was not well understood. We compared HIV-1 gp120 env sequences from the genital tract and plasma of 12 women. Eight women displayed compartmentalized HIV-1 RNA genomes, with viral sequences from each site that were clearly discrete, yet phylogenetically related. The remaining four exhibited env sequences that were intermingled between the two sites. Women with compartmentalized HIV-1 genomes had higher CD4+ cell counts than those displaying intermingled strains (P = 0.02). Intrapatient HIV-1 recombinants comprising sequences that were characteristic of both sites were identified. We next compared viral phenotypes in each compartment. HIV-1 coreceptor usage was often compartmentalized (P 0.01). The number of N-linked glycosylation sites, associated with neutralization resistance, also differed between compartments (P < 0.01). Furthermore, disparities between the density of gp120 glycosylations in each compartment correlated with higher CD4+ counts (P = 0.03). These data demonstrate that the genital tract and plasma can harbor populations of replicating HIV-1 with different phenotypes. The association of higher CD4+ cell counts with compartmentalization of viral genomes and density of gp120 glycosylations suggests that the immune response influences the development of viral genotypes in each compartment. These findings are relevant to the prevention and control of HIV-1 infection.
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