ReviewClinical pharmacokinetics2003
Macromolecular therapeutics: advantages and prospects with special emphasis on solid tumour targeting.
Review in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 279 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phase 2 trial of paclitaxel polyglumex with capecitabine for metastatic breast cancer.American journal of clinical oncology · 2014Trial
- Phase III trial comparing paclitaxel poliglumex vs docetaxel in the second-line treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer.British journal of cancer · 2008Trial
- Tracer Diffusivity in Amphiphilic Polymer Model Co-Networks.Macromolecules · 2026Article
- Hydrogels from Protein-Polymer Conjugates: A Pathway to Next-Generation Biomaterials.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Impact of the polymer backbone chemistry on interactions of amino-acid-derived zwitterionic polymers with cells.Bioactive materials · 2023Article
- Fundamental concepts of protein therapeutics and spacing in oncology: an updated comprehensive review.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023Review
- Erythrocyte-Inspired Functional Materials for Biomedical Applications.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Review
- Dendrimer: An update on recent developments and future opportunities for the brain tumors diagnosis and treatment.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Influence of Association on Binding of Disaccharides to YKL-39 and hHyal-1 Enzymes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Exploration of Site-Specific Drug Targeting-A Review on EPR-, Stimuli-, Chemical-, and Receptor-Based Approaches as Potential Drug Targeting Methods in Cancer Treatment.Journal of oncology · 2022Review
- The Journey of an Outstanding Scientific Mind: Prof Hiroshi Maeda (1938-2021).Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Article
- Enhanced Anticancer Activity of Nanoformulation of Dasatinib against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Article
- Selective Targeting of Breast Cancer by Tafuramycin A Using SMA-Nanoassemblies.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Drug Resistance in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Tumor Targeted Nanomedicine to the Rescue.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Article
- Nanodrug Delivery Systems Modulate Tumor Vessels to Increase the Enhanced Permeability and Retention Effect.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Review
- Advanced drug delivery 2020 and beyond: Perspectives on the future.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Review
- Design of Safe Nanotherapeutics for the Excretion of Excess Systemic Toxic Iron.ACS central science · 2019Article
- Article
- Impact of Particle Size and Polydispersity Index on the Clinical Applications of Lipidic Nanocarrier Systems.Pharmaceutics · 2018Review
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Macromolecular drugs (also referred to as polymeric drugs) are a diverse group of drugs including polymer-conjugated drugs, polymeric micelles, liposomal drugs and solid phase depot formulations of various agents. In this review we will consider only water-soluble macromolecular drugs. In common, such drugs have high molecular weights, more than 40 kDa, which enables them to overcome renal excretion. Consequently, this group of drugs can attain prolonged plasma or local half-lives. The prolonged circulating time of these macromolecules enables them to utilise the vascular abnormalities of solid tumour tissues, a phenomenon called the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. The EPR effect facilitates extravasation of polymeric drugs more selectively at tumour tissues, and this selective targeting to solid tumour tissues may lead to superior therapeutic benefits with fewer systemic adverse effects. This contrasts with conventional low-molecular-weight drugs, where intratumour concentration diminishes rapidly in parallel with plasma concentration. The EPR effect is also operative in inflammatory tissues, which justifies the development and use of this class of drugs in infectious and inflammatory conditions. At the present time, several polymeric drugs have been approved by regulatory agencies. These include zinostatin stimalamer (copolymer styrene maleic acid-conjugated neocarzinostatin, or SMANCS) and polyethyleneglycol-conjugated interferon-alpha-2a. This article discusses these and other polymeric drugs in the setting of targeting to solid tumours.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.