ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2003
Cardiovascular diabetology in the core of a novel interleukins classification: the bad, the good and the aloof.
Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- The addition of vildagliptin to metformin prevents the elevation of interleukin 1ß in patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease: a prospective, randomized, open-label study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2017 · on this mapTrial
- Metabolomic profiling refines cardiovascular risk stratification beyond SCORE2-diabetes in patients with concurrent type 2 diabetes and pulmonary dysfunction.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Infrared and Related Light Therapies in Metabolic Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Elevated levels of interleukin-12/23p40 may serve as a potential indicator of dysfunctional heart rate variability in type 2 diabetes.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2022Article
- Assessing the linear and non-linear association of HbADiabetologia · 2021Article
- Increased circulating cytokine levels in African American women with obesity and elevated HbA1c.Cytokine · 2020Article
- Level of inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor α, interleukins 12, 23 and 17 in patients with psoriasis in the context of metabolic syndrome.Postepy dermatologii i alergologii · 2019Article
- From inflammation to sexual dysfunctions: a journey through diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2018Review
- TRPC6 counteracts TRPC3-Nox2 protein complex leading to attenuation of hyperglycemia-induced heart failure in mice.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Mirroring the CANTOS revolution: is anti-inflammatory therapy for diabetes just around the corner?Cardiovascular diabetology · 2017Review
- Elevated levels of endothelial-derived microparticles, and serum CXCL9 and SCGF-β are associated with unstable asymptomatic carotid plaques.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Plasma IL-5 concentration and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis.Atherosclerosis · 2015Article
- Adiponectin: a manifold therapeutic target for metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and coronary disease?Cardiovascular diabetology · 2014Review
- Article
- The ubiquitous interleukin-6: a time for reappraisal.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2010Article
- Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of accelerated atherosclerosis in the diabetic heart.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2009Review
- Article
- Neointimal hyperplasia persists at six months after sirolimus-eluting stent implantation in diabetic porcine.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2007Article
- Value of serum glycated albumin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in the prediction of presence of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2006Article
- The association of metabolic syndrome and Chlamydia pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus type 1: the Persian Gulf Healthy Heart Study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2006Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe impressive correlation between cardiovascular disease and glucose metabolism alterations has raised the likelihood that atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes may share common antecedents. Inflammation is emerging as a conceivable etiologic mechanism for both. Interleukins are regulatory proteins with ability to accelerate or inhibit inflammatory processes. PRESENTATION OF THE HYPOTHESIS: A novel interleukins classification is described, based on their role in diabetes and atherosclerosis, hypothesizing that each interleukin (IL) acts on both diseases in the same direction--regardless if harmful, favorable or neutral. TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS: The 29 known interleukins were clustered into three groups: noxious (the "bad", 8 members), comprising IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-15, IL-17 and IL-18; protective (the "good", 5 members), comprising IL-4, IL-10, IL-11, IL-12 and IL-13; and "aloof", comprising IL-5, IL-9, IL-14, IL-16 and IL-19 through IL-29 (15 members). Each group presented converging effects on both diseases. IL-3 was reluctant to clustering. IMPLICATIONS: These observations imply that 1) favorable effects of a given IL on either diabetes or atherosclerosis predicts similar effects on the other; 2) equally, harmful IL effects on one disease can be extrapolated to the other; and 3) absence of influence of a given IL on one of these diseases forecasts lack of effects on the other. These facts further support the unifying etiologic theory of both ailments, emphasizing the importance of a cardiovascular diabetologic approach to interleukins for future research. Pharmacologic targeting of these cytokines might provide an effective means to simultaneously control both atherosclerosis and diabetes.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.