Simple tools for understanding risks: from innumeracy to insight.

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

Who cites it

176 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

1. The absolute and relative risk of type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 129 studies.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2021
   Pooled it
2. Impact of Contraceptive Education on Knowledge and Decision Making: An Updated Systematic Review.American journal of preventive medicine · 2018
   Pooled it
3. Impact of Contraceptive Education on Contraceptive Knowledge and Decision Making: A Systematic Review.American journal of preventive medicine · 2015
   Pooled it
4. How well do health professionals interpret diagnostic information? A systematic review.BMJ open · 2015
   Pooled it
5. Advancing clinical decision support using lessons from outside of healthcare: an interdisciplinary systematic review.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2012
   Pooled it
6. Positive predictive values of ≥5% in primary care for cancer: systematic review.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2010
   Pooled it
7. The Scientific Foundation for personal genomics: recommendations from a National Institutes of Health-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention multidisciplinary workshop.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2009
   Guideline
8. How risk is perceived, constructed and interpreted by clients in clinical genetics, and the effects on decision making: systematic review.Journal of genetic counseling · 2008
   Pooled it
9. A systematic review of postcoital bleeding and risk of cervical cancer.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2006
   Pooled it
10. Proof of Concept of a Personalized Genetic Risk Tool to Promote Smoking Cessation: High Acceptability and Reduced Cigarette Smoking.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2021
    Trial
11. Comparing the impact of an icon array versus a bar graph on preference and understanding of risk information: Results from an online, randomized study.PloS one · 2021
    Trial
12. A new graphical format to communicate treatment effects to patients-A web-based randomized controlled trial.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2017
    Trial
13. Shared decision-making following disclosure of coronary heart disease genetic risk: results from a randomized clinical trial.Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research · 2017
    Trial
14. Randomised trial assessing the impact of framing of fracture risk and osteoporosis treatment benefits in patients undergoing bone densitometry.BMJ open · 2017
    Trial
15. Lifestyle Advice Combined with Personalized Estimates of Genetic or Phenotypic Risk of Type 2 Diabetes, and Objectively Measured Physical Activity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.PLoS medicine · 2016
    Trial
16. Combined verbal and numerical expressions increase perceived risk of medicine side-effects: a randomized controlled trial of EMA recommendations.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2016
    Trial
17. Investigating active ingredients in a complex intervention: a nested study within the Patient and Decision Aids (PANDAs) randomised controlled trial for people with type 2 diabetes.BMC research notes · 2014
    Trial
18. Communicating risk using absolute risk reduction or prolongation of life formats: cluster-randomised trial in general practice.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2014
    Trial
19. Preventing the onset of major depression based on the level and profile of risk of primary care attendees: protocol of a cluster randomised trial (the predictD-CCRT study).BMC psychiatry · 2013
    Trial
20. Impact of effectiveness information format on patient choice of therapy and satisfaction with decisions about chronic disease medication: the "Influence of intervention Methodologies on Patient Choice of Therapy (IMPACT)" cluster-randomised trial in general practice.BMC health services research · 2013
    Trial

116 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

Corrections and comments

• Commented on by
  Communicating risk: journalists take note.2003

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as