Trial reportThe British journal of ophthalmology2003
Tumour angiogenesis as a prognostic factor for disease dissemination in retinoblastoma.
Trial report in The British journal of ophthalmology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cross-Sectional Profiling of Aqueous Humor VEGF-A Reflects the Tumor and Ocular Microenvironment in Retinoblastoma.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Angiogenesis Signaling in Retinoblastoma: Prognostic and Therapeutic Applications.International ophthalmology clinics · 2025Review
- Retinoblastoma cell-derived exosomes promote angiogenesis of human vesicle endothelial cells through microRNA-92a-3p.Cell death & disease · 2021Article
- Potential Therapeutic Targets of Quercetin, a Plant Flavonol, and Its Role in the Therapy of Various Types of Cancer through the Modulation of Various Cell Signaling Pathways.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Tumor Environment of Retinoblastoma, Intraocular Cancer.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2020Article
- Tigecycline as a dual inhibitor of retinoblastoma and angiogenesis via inducing mitochondrial dysfunctions and oxidative damage.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Quercetin inhibits angiogenesis-mediated human retinoblastoma growth by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor.Oncology letters · 2017Article
- Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin by anthelmintic drug niclosamide effectively targets growth, survival, and angiogenesis of retinoblastoma.American journal of translational research · 2017Article
- Efficacy and safety of aflibercept in in vitro and in vivo models of retinoblastoma.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2016Article
- Spatiotemporal Patterns of Tumor Occurrence in Children with Intraocular Retinoblastoma.PloS one · 2015Article
- Retinoblastoma: value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging and correlation with tumor angiogenesis.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2012Article
- Antiangiogenic activity of 2-deoxy-D-glucose.PloS one · 2010Article
- Irresponsiveness of two retinoblastoma cases to conservative therapy correlates with up- regulation of hERG1 channels and of the VEGF-A pathway.BMC cancer · 2010Article
- Gelatinase expression in retinoblastoma: modulation of LH(BETA)T(AG) retinal tumor development by anecortave acetate.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2010Article
- Contrast-enhancement of the anterior eye segment in patients with retinoblastoma: correlation between clinical, MR imaging, and histopathologic findings.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2010Article
- Prognostic factors and treatment outcomes of retinoblastoma in pediatric patients: a single-institution study.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2009Article
- Basic fibroblast growth factor impact on retinoblastoma progression and survival.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2008Article
- Lack of effect of SU1498, an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, in a transgenic murine model of retinoblastoma.The open ophthalmology journal · 2008Article
- Expression of C-kit in retinoblastoma: a potential therapeutic target.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2007Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo evaluate tumour angiogenesis as a predictor of prognosis in retinoblastoma.
methodsThis was a retrospective, non-randomised comparative clinicopathological study. The histopathology from 24 cases of Reese-Ellsworth (RE) group V unilateral retinoblastoma treated by enucleation alone was reviewed. Group I consisted of five patients (four RE group Vb and one group Va) who developed disseminated disease at a mean of 10.4 months after enucleation. The remaining 19 patients constitute group II (18 RE group Vb and 1 group Va), none of whom had developed metastatic disease with a mean follow up of 54 months. None of the 24 patients had evidence of extraocular disease at enucleation. The surgical specimens from patients with unilateral retinoblastoma treated by enucleation at Hospital do Cancer AC Camargo between January 1992 and December 1995 were identified, reviewed and the clinical data recorded. Two subsequent histological sections were prepared. One stained with haematoxylin and eosin for assessment of choroidal and optic nerve invasion, and the other for immunoreaction with an endothelium specific marker (antibody anti-CD 34). The main outcome measures were choroidal and/or optic nerve invasion and quantification of the tumour's relative vascular area (TRVA) obtained by Chalkley counting.
resultsChoroidal invasion was present in three eyes of group I (all massive) and six eyes of group II (two focal and four massive). Optic nerve invasion was found in two eyes of group I (all post-laminar) and four eyes of group II (three prelaminar and one post-laminar). There was no statistical difference regarding choroidal or optic nerve between the two groups. The TRVA was the only independent variable found to predict disease dissemination (p = 0.008 by Cox analysis). A TRVA equal to or greater than 3.9% had 100% sensitivity and 79% specificity in predicting disease dissemination.
conclusionsQuantification of angiogenesis, through measurement of the TRVA, can help to identify patients with retinoblastoma at high risk for disease dissemination after enucleation.
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