ReviewNature reviews. Immunology2003
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor: a regulator of innate immunity.
Review in Nature reviews. Immunology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 826 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
826 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,776 citations in OpenAlex.
- Postmortem Immunohistochemical Findings in Early Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of Gene Modifiers on Cystic Fibrosis Phenotypic Profiles: A Systematic Review.Human mutation · 2024Pooled it
- A Neuroimmune Modulator for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Myeloid-derived MIF is a central regulator of MDSC-driven T-cell dysfunction in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Oncoimmunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Cellular and molecular mechanisms of nasolacrimal duct obstruction: New insights into CD4Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Peyer's patch M cells organize an epithelial niche that sustains group 3 innate lymphoid cells and IL-22.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Macropinocytosis-mediated recyclable LYTACs (McR-TACs) for receptor-independent protein degradation.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- Article
- Therapeutic Effects of miR-29b-Enriched Nanovesicles on Mitochondrial Injury and Neuroinflammatory Processes in Alzheimer's Disease.Neurotoxicity research · 2026Article
- Cerebrovascular vulnerability and fibrosis in human brain aneurysms.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- MIF-Induced CD74+ Microglia and Macrophages Promote Progression of Brain Metastasis and Are Clinically Relevant across Central Nervous System Disorders.Cancer research · 2026Article
- Single-cell reanalysis highlights the MIF-PTGDR axis as a candidate immunoregulatory program in hepatocellular carcinoma.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Crystal structure of Plasmodium vivax macrophage migration inhibitory factor.Acta crystallographica. Section F, Structural biology communications · 2026Article
- ISO-1 sustained-release hydrogel repairs infected bone defects by suppressing osteoblast pyroptosis and enhancing osteogenic differentiation via the MIF-CD74/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Serum macrophage migration inhibitory factor as a predictor of radiographic progression in ankylosing spondylitis: a retrospective cohort study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- CDK4/6 Inhibition Induces CD8Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic profiling of the ovarian immune landscape reveals distinct macrophage subsets and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome likely contributing to accelerated follicular atresia in classic galactosemia.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Article
- Integrated Network Pharmacology and Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveal Transketolase as a Potential Target for the DanShen-DaHuang Herb Pair in Acute Kidney Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
766 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
For more than a quarter of a century, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been a mysterious cytokine. In recent years, MIF has assumed an important role as a pivotal regulator of innate immunity. MIF is an integral component of the host antimicrobial alarm system and stress response that promotes the pro-inflammatory functions of immune cells. A rapidly increasing amount of literature indicates that MIF is implicated in the pathogenesis of sepsis, and inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, suggesting that MIF-directed therapies might offer new treatment opportunities for human diseases in the future.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.