ArticleAnnals of surgery2003
Use of intracellular cytokine staining and bacterial superantigen to document suppression of the adaptive immune system in injured patients.
Article in Annals of surgery, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gene expression changes in lymphocytes and monocytes from patients with traumatic brain injury.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Orally Administered Brain Protein Combined With Probiotics Increases Treg Differentiation to Reduce Secondary Inflammatory Damage Following Craniocerebral Trauma.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Potential Immune Indicators for Predicting the Prognosis of COVID-19 and Trauma: Similarities and Disparities.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Exosomes Derived From Septic Mouse Serum Modulate Immune Responses via Exosome-Associated Cytokines.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Trauma-Induced Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns-Mediated Remote Organ Injury and Immunosuppression in the Acutely Ill Patient.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Insights into the Role of Chemokines, Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns, and Lymphocyte-Derived Mediators from Computational Models of Trauma-Induced Inflammation.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2015Review
- Dynamic changes of circulating T-helper cell subsets following severe thoracic trauma.International journal of clinical and experimental medicine · 2015Article
- Immune response to traumatic injury: harmony and discordance of immune system homeostasis.Acute medicine & surgery · 2014Review
- The role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in interleukin-23-dependent restoration of interleukin-22 following ethanol exposure and burn injury.Annals of surgery · 2014Article
- Trauma equals danger--damage control by the immune system.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2012Review
- Cecal ligation and puncture-induced impairment of innate immune function does not occur in the absence of caspase-1.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2011Article
- Regulatory T cells suppress antigen-driven CD4 T cell reactivity following injury.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2011Article
- IL-7 promotes T cell viability, trafficking, and functionality and improves survival in sepsis.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2010Article
- Murine dendritic cell antigen-presenting cell function is not altered by burn injury.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2009Article
- Early down-regulation of the pro-inflammatory potential of monocytes is correlated to organ dysfunction in patients after severe multiple injury: a cohort study.Critical care (London, England) · 2009Article
- Increased CD4+ CD25+ T regulatory cell activity in trauma patients depresses protective Th1 immunity.Annals of surgery · 2006Article
- Monitoring immune dysfunctions in the septic patient: a new skin for the old ceremony.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the percentages of major T lymphocyte subsets in the circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cell population in patients with major traumatic injury at early and late time points and to determine the expression of coreceptors and cytokine production by these T cell subsets. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Prior studies suggest that serious injury in humans suppresses the adaptive immune system as revealed by diminished proliferation and altered cytokine production in response to polyclonal T cell activation. However, the contribution of individual cell types to this immune dysfunction has not been well characterized.
methodsThe percentage of circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and the relative density of CD4 and CD8 coreceptor expression was determined by flow cytometry in 17 consecutive trauma patients (injury severity score > 20) within 24 hours of injury and at day 7. Intracellular expression of the cytokines interleukin 2 (IL-2), interferon gamma (IFNgamma), IL-4, and IL-10 were also studied after stimulation with bacterial superantigen (SEB). Patients were compared with age- and sex-matched controls and to themselves for differences between early and late cytokine expression.
resultsThe percentage of circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was decreased versus controls at day 1 and further decreased by day 7 following injury. CD4 and CD8 cell surface expression was also decreased at days 1 and 7. CD4+ T cells in injured patients responded to SEB activation with decreased expression of IFNgamma and IL-2 on day 1 versus controls (P < 0.05) and of all 4 cytokines by day 7 (P < 0.05), while CD8+ T cells showed diminished expression of IFNgamma and IL-2 only at both time points. When day 1 and day 7 cytokine expression results were compared in the same patients, CD4+ T cells showed diminished expression of IFNgamma, IL-2, and IL-4 by day 7 (P < 0.05), but maintained expression of IL-10. CD8 T cells showed diminished expression of IFNgamma only.
conclusionsSevere injury induces a loss of circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and diminished coreceptor expression by these cells. Both T cell subsets show progressive loss of immunostimulatory cytokine production with maintenance of potentially suppressive IL-10 production. These events may have negative consequences for host defense.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.