ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine1992
Myristyl acylation of the tumor necrosis factor alpha precursor on specific lysine residues.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 1992. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biogenesis of TNF-α-insights into proteostasis and inflammation.The FEBS journal · 2026Review
- Mechanistic and functional integration of sirtuin deacylases: from substrate specificity to biological outcomes.Glycoconjugate journal · 2026Review
- Protein lipidation in cardiovascular homeostasis, development, and disease.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2026Review
- Lysine myristoylation mediates long-term potentiation via membrane enrichment of synaptic plasticity effectors.The EMBO journal · 2025Article
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- Recapitulating the potential contribution of protein S-palmitoylation in cancer.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2024Review
- Regulation of autophagy by protein lipidation.Advanced biotechnology · 2024Review
- Protein lipidation in health and disease: molecular basis, physiological function and pathological implication.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Chemical Proteomics Reveals NMolecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2024Article
- Chemische Synthese und Semisynthese von lipidierten Proteinen.Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2022Review
- Chemical Synthesis and Semisynthesis of Lipidated Proteins.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2022Review
- Reversible lysine fatty acylation of an anchoring protein mediates adipocyte adrenergic signaling.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- A Not-So-Ancient Grease History: Click Chemistry and Protein Lipid Modifications.Chemical reviews · 2021Review
- Protein Lipidation by Palmitoylation and Myristoylation in Cancer.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Lysine Fatty Acylation: Regulatory Enzymes, Research Tools, and Biological Function.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- N-Myristoyltransferase as a Glycine and Lysine Myristoyltransferase in Cancer, Immunity, and Infections.ACS chemical biology · 2020Review
- Photo Cross-Linking Probes Containing ϵ-N-Thioacyllysine and ϵ-N-Acyl-(δ-aza)lysine Residues.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2020Article
- High-resolution snapshots of human N-myristoyltransferase in action illuminate a mechanism promoting N-terminal Lys and Gly myristoylation.Nature communications · 2020Article
- NMT1 and NMT2 are lysine myristoyltransferases regulating the ARF6 GTPase cycle.Nature communications · 2020Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
NH2-terminal glycine myristyl acylation is a cotranslational modification that affects both protein localization and function. However, several proteins that lack NH2-terminal glycine residues, including the interleukin 1 (IL-1) precursors, also contain covalently linked myristate. To date, the site(s) of acylation of these proteins has not been determined. During an evaluation of IL-1 acylation, it was observed that [3H]myristate-labeled human monocyte lysates contained a prominent 26-kD myristylated protein, which was identified as the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) precursor protein on the basis of specific immune precipitation. Radioimmunoprecipitates from the supernates of labeled monocytes indicated that the processed or mature 17-kD form of TNF does not contain myristate, suggesting that the site of acylation occurs within the 76-amino acid propiece of the precursor molecule. As the TNF precursor does not contain an NH2-terminal glycine, we hypothesized that myristyl acylation occurs on the N-epsilon-NH2 groups of lysine, of which two are present in the propiece (K19K20). Synthetic peptides were designed to include all seven lysine residues present within the entire 26-kD TNF precursor, and used in an in vitro myristyl acylation assay containing peptide, myristyl-CoA, and monocyte lysate as a source of enzyme. Analysis of reaction products by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography and gas phase sequencing demonstrated the exclusive myristyl acylation of K19 and K20, consistent with the presence in monocytes of a specific lysyl N-epsilon-NH2-myristyl transferase activity. The acylated lysine residues are located immediately downstream from a hydrophobic, probable membrane-spanning segment of the propiece. Specific myristyl acylation of the TNF propiece may facilitate membrane insertion or anchoring of this critical inflammatory mediator.
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