ArticleInfection and immunity1992
Tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 in Candida albicans infection in normal and granulocytopenic mice.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1992. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Divergent effects of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in sepsis: a meta-analysis of experimental studies.Critical care (London, England) · 2024Pooled it
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- Relative Contribution of Pharmacokinetics and Immune Signatures to Clinical Outcomes in Patients With HIV-associated Cryptococcal Meningitis.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Review
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- Candida spp. co-infection in COVID-19 patients with severe pneumonia: Prevalence study and associated risk factors.Respiratory medicine · 2021Observational
- Glutathione Reductase Promotes Fungal Clearance and Suppresses Inflammation during SystemicJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Article
- Effect of Candida albicans on Intestinal Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Rats.Chinese medical journal · 2016Article
- Disruption of Sphingolipid Biosynthesis Blocks Phagocytosis of Candida albicans.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
- Concordance of preclinical and clinical pharmacology and toxicology of monoclonal antibodies and fusion proteins: soluble targets.British journal of pharmacology · 2012Review
- Massive induction of innate immune response to Candida albicans in the kidney in a murine intravenous challenge model.FEMS yeast research · 2009Article
- Escherichia coli and TNF-alpha modulate macrophage phagocytosis of Candida glabrata.The Journal of surgical research · 2009Article
- Host resistance against Candida alibcans infection in mice with adjuvant induced arthritis.Mycopathologia · 2002Article
- Immunomodulatory effects of anti-CD4 antibody in host resistance against infections and tumors in human CD4 transgenic mice.Infection and immunity · 2001Article
- Tumor necrosis factor alpha receptor I is important for survival from Streptococcus pneumoniae infections.Infection and immunity · 1999Article
- A 70-kilodalton recombinant heat shock protein of Candida albicans is highly immunogenic and enhances systemic murine candidiasis.Infection and immunity · 1998Article
- Effects of granulocyte and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors in a neutropenic murine model of trichosporonosis.Infection and immunity · 1997Article
- Hyperlipoproteinemia enhances susceptibility to acute disseminated Candida albicans infection in low-density-lipoprotein-receptor-deficient mice.Infection and immunity · 1997Article
- A protective role of platelet-activating factor in murine candidiasis.Infection and immunity · 1997Article
- Trends in immunotherapy of fungal infections.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 1997Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We administered a neutralizing monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) during infection with Candida albicans in normal and granulocytopenic mice. Mice were rendered granulocytopenic (less than 0.1 x 10(9) granulocytes per liter) with cyclophosphamide. Growth of C. albicans from the kidneys was significantly increased in normal mice treated with the antibody to TNF, compared with that in control mice, after 36 h (3.6 x 10(4) +/- 1.2 x 10(4) CFU per kidney versus 9.1 x 10(3) +/- 6.2 x 10(3) CFU per kidney; P less than 0.05) and after 72 h (3.7 x 10(6) +/- 2.7 x 10(6) CFU per kidney versus 2.3 x 10(4) +/- 1.3 x 10(4) CFU per kidney; P less than 0.01). In granulocytopenic mice, the antibody to TNF had no effect on the growth of C. albicans from the kidneys. Furthermore, our study showed that the cytokines TNF and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were produced in a dose-dependent manner during C. albicans infection. TNF was detectable between 6 and 60 h, with peak levels at 24 h. Both TNF and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in cyclophosphamide-treated mice than in normal mice. Heat-inactivated C. albicans induced a TNF response different from that induced by viable C. albicans, with an early peak occurring at 3 to 4 h and declining to non-detectable levels after 15 to 24 h. Peak levels of TNF obtained with heat-inactivated C. albicans were lower than those obtained with viable C. albicans. Our study demonstrates that TNF and IL-6 are produced systemically during C. albicans infection and suggests that TNF is essential for granulocyte antifungal activity in vivo.
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