Evidence map›Paper›PMID 13679863›Full record

ArticleOncogene2003

Rap1A and rap1B ras-family proteins are prominently expressed in the nucleus of squamous carcinomas: nuclear translocation of GTP-bound active form.

Raj S Mitra, Zhaocheng Zhang, Bradley S Henson, David M Kurnit, Thomas E Carey, Nisha J D'Silva

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Oncogene, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 27% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. Ras and Rap1: A tale of two GTPases.Seminars in cancer biology · 2019
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Raj S MitraDepartment of Oral Medicine, Pathology and Oncology, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
Zhaocheng Zhang
Bradley S Henson
David M Kurnit
Thomas E Carey
Nisha J D'Silva
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor · US

Funding

Therapeutic Potential and Mechanism of Action of Potent Small Molecule InhibitorsP50CA097248 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI WOLF, GREGORY T · 2002 to 2013
$25.3M
NCI NIH HHS 1 P50 CA97248NIDCR NIH HHS DE00452-01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We recently showed that rap1 regulates growth and proliferation in normal keratinocytes, which provoked us to investigate its expression and regulation in malignant cells. Rap1 is variably expressed in whole cell lysates of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines. Immunoblot analysis of nuclear and cytosolic fractions and immunohistochemistry revealed that in addition to cytoplasmic expression, SCC cells also exhibit prominent punctate rap1 expression in the nucleus. This unexpected nuclear distribution was confirmed by the evaluation of human oral cancer specimens by immunohistochemistry, which showed both nuclear and cytoplasmic localization. Cytoplasmic rap1 expression was observed mostly in large differentiated cells, whereas nuclear localization was found in morphologically less differentiated cells. Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Northern blot analysis showed that both rap1A and rap1B are expressed in SCC cell lines although rap1B signals are more prominent. Transfection with enhanced GFP-tagged constitutively active and inactive forms of rap1B demonstrated that the active GTP-bound form translocates to the nucleus whereas inactive rap1B(GDP) is retained in the cytoplasm, much of which is in a perinuclear distribution. Furthermore, growth factors induce nuclear translocation of rap1 in oral cancer cells. This novel discovery that active, GTP-bound rap1 translocates to the nucleus makes it only the second of over 100 small GTP-binding proteins to be identified in the nucleus, and the striking prominence of rap1 expression in the nucleus of SCC cells suggests that activated rap1 plays a role in the malignant process.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Squamous CellCell NucleusCytoplasmHumansImmunohistochemistryOropharyngeal NeoplasmsProtein Isoformsrap1 GTP-Binding Proteinsras ProteinsTransfectionTranslocation, GeneticTumor Cells, CulturedProtein Isoformsrap1 GTP-Binding Proteinsras Proteins

Identifiers

PMID13679863
OpenAlexW2056104425

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.