ReviewThe Biochemical journal2003
A perspective of polyamine metabolism.
Review in The Biochemical journal, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 297 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
297 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 924 citations in OpenAlex.
- Macromolecular Crowding in Cytoplasm and Cellular Organelles.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Multi-Sensor Approach for the Monitoring of Halitosis Treatment via Lactobacillus brevis (CD2)-Containing Lozenges--A Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2015Trial
- Dietary polyamine intake and risk of colorectal adenomatous polyps.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2012Trial
- Article
- Polyamines, cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and mitochondrial function in older patients with coronary artery disease.European heart journal open · 2026Article
- Effects of synergistic/antagonistic interactions between spermidine (3+) and putrescine (2+) on gene expression through higher-order DNA structural modification.European biophysics journal : EBJ · 2026Article
- Contrasting response of polyamine metabolic enzymes underlying fiber-type specific volume regulation in the skeletal muscle with endurance exercise.The journal of physiological sciences : JPS · 2026Article
- Dual Functions of Polyamines in Shaping Host-Specific Pathogen Dynamics.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Reprograms Polyamine Metabolism inMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Short-Term Oral Spermidine Supplementation Modifies Aspects of Neurodegenerative Disease in Flies and Mice With MPS III.Journal of inherited metabolic disease · 2026Article
- Branched-chain polyamines: evolutionary adaptation and biotechnological potential.Amino acids · 2026Review
- Bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis and dysfunction is exacerbated by G6PD deficiency.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2026Article
- Identifying High-Dimensional Genomic Factors Modulating Biological Networks Across MultiOmics Data.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The loss of the urea cycle and ornithine metabolism in different insect orders: An omics approach.Insect molecular biology · 2025Article
- Evolution of polyamine resistance inmSphere · 2025Article
- Interactions between bacterial vaginosis-associated microbiota and Trichomonas vaginalis modulate parasite-induced pathogenicity and host immune responses.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Effect of Putrescine Inoculation In Ovo on Hatchability, Hepatic and Muscular Glycogen Reserve, Intestinal Morphology, and Performance of Broilers.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activity of Novel Ornithine Decarboxylase (ODC) Inhibitors.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Analyses of Saliva Metabolome Reveal Patterns of Metabolites That Differentiate SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Disease Severity.Metabolites · 2025Article
237 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Polyamines are essential for the growth and function of normal cells. They interact with various macromolecules, both electrostatically and covalently and, as a consequence, have a variety of cellular effects. The complexity of polyamine metabolism and the multitude of compensatory mechanisms that are invoked to maintain polyamine homoeostasis argue that these amines are critical to cell survival. The regulation of polyamine content within cells occurs at several levels, including transcription and translation. In addition, novel features such as the +1 frameshift required for antizyme production and the rapid turnover of several of the enzymes involved in the pathway make the regulation of polyamine metabolism a fascinating subject. The link between polyamine content and human disease is unequivocal, and significant success has been obtained in the treatment of a number of parasitic infections. Targeting the polyamine pathway as a means of treating cancer has met with limited success, although the development of drugs such as DFMO (alpha-difluoromethylornithine), a rationally designed anticancer agent, has revolutionized our understanding of polyamine function in cell growth and provided 'proof of concept' that influencing polyamine metabolism and content within tumour cells will prevent tumour growth. The more recent development of the polyamine analogues has been pivotal in advancing our understanding of the necessity to deplete all three polyamines to induce apoptosis in tumour cells. The current thinking is that the polyamine inhibitors/analogues may also be useful agents in the chemoprevention of cancer and, in this area, we may yet see a revival of DFMO. The future will be in adopting a functional genomics approach to identifying polyamine-regulated genes linked to either carcinogenesis or apoptosis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.