ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1992
Function and evolution of a minimal plastid genome from a nonphotosynthetic parasitic plant.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1992. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 214 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
214 citing papers in PubMed, 578 citations in OpenAlex.
- Simultaneous Inference of Flora-Wide Nuclear and Plastid Phylogenies Using Angiosperms353 Sequence Capture Data.Molecular ecology resources · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of six new chloroplast genomes in Platanthera (Orchidaceae) enhances understanding of its diversification.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Repeated loss of plastid NDH during evolution of land plants.Annals of botany · 2026Review
- Genome analysis of dark-adapted variants identifies the phosphatase gene phsP involved in the regulation of photosynthetic and dark-heterotrophic growth in the cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya boryana.Plant & cell physiology · 2025Article
- Comparative plastomes of fiveAoB PLANTS · 2025Article
- Plastome phylogenomics unravels the evolutionary relationships and biogeographic history of Chloranthaceae.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Elucidating the evolutionary dynamics of parasitism in Cuscuta: in-depth phylogenetic reconstruction and extensive plastomes reduction.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Rapid authentication of endangeredFrontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Organellar phylogenomics at the epidendroid orchid base, with a focus on the mycoheterotrophic Wullschlaegelia.Annals of botany · 2024Article
- Article
- Complete Chloroplast Genome ofGenes · 2024Article
- Phylogenomics and plastomics offer new evolutionary perspectives on Kalanchoideae (Crassulaceae).Annals of botany · 2024Article
- Variations and reduction of plastome are associated with the evolution of parasitism in Convolvulaceae.Plant molecular biology · 2024Article
- Diversity and potential plant growth promoting capacity of seed endophytic bacteria of the holoparasite Cistanche phelypaea (Orobanchaceae).Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The complete chloroplast genome of Ulmus mianzhuensis with insights into structural variations, adaptive evolution, and phylogenetic relationships of Ulmus (Ulmaceae).BMC genomics · 2023Article
- The Evolutionary Constraints on Angiosperm Chloroplast Adaptation.Genome biology and evolution · 2023Article
- Comparative plastome genomics, taxonomic delimitation and evolutionary divergences of Tetraena hamiensis var. qatarensis and Tetraena simplex (Zygophyllaceae).Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
- The plastid genome of twenty-two species from Ferula, Talassia, and Soranthus: comparative analysis, phylogenetic implications, and adaptive evolution.BMC plant biology · 2023Article
- Phylotranscriptomic Analyses of Mycoheterotrophic Monocots Show a Continuum of Convergent Evolutionary Changes in Expressed Nuclear Genes From Three Independent Nonphotosynthetic Lineages.Genome biology and evolution · 2023Article
154 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Complete nucleotide sequencing shows that the plastid genome of Epifagus virginiana, a nonphotosynthetic parasitic flowering plant, lacks all genes for photosynthesis and chlororespiration found in chloroplast genomes of green plants. The 70,028-base-pair genome contains only 42 genes, at least 38 of which specify components of the gene-expression apparatus of the plastid. Moreover, all chloroplast-encoded RNA polymerase genes and many tRNA and ribosomal protein genes have been lost. Since the genome is functional, nuclear gene products must compensate for some gene losses by means of previously unsuspected import mechanisms that may operate in all plastids. At least one of the four unassigned protein genes in Epifagus plastid DNA must have a nongenetic and nonbioenergetic function and, thereby, serve as the reason for the maintenance of an active genome. Many small insertions in the Epifagus plastid genome create tandem duplications and presumably arose by slippage mispairing during DNA replication. The extensive reduction in genome size in Epifagus reflects an intensification of the same processes of length mutation that govern the amount of noncoding DNA in chloroplast genomes. Remarkably, this massive pruning occurred with a virtual absence of gene order change.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.