ArticleBiophysical journal1992
Gating kinetics of batrachotoxin-modified Na+ channels in the squid giant axon. Voltage and temperature effects.
Article in Biophysical journal, 1992. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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32 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
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- P-Loop Channels: Experimental Structures, and Physics-Based and Neural Networks-Based Models.Membranes · 2022Review
- Druggability of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels-Exploring Old and New Drug Receptor Sites.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Computational Analysis of the Crystal and Cryo-EM Structures of P-Loop Channels with Drugs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Fuel Cell Using Squid Axon Electrolyte and Its Proton Conductivity.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2020Article
- A folding reaction at the C-terminal domain drives temperature sensing in TRPM8 channels.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Temperature effect on memristive ion channels.Cognitive neurodynamics · 2019Article
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- Heat pulse excitability of vestibular hair cells and afferent neurons.Journal of neurophysiology · 2016Article
- Self-Optimized Biological Channels in Facilitating the Transmembrane Movement of Charged Molecules.Journal of biophysics (Hindawi Publishing Corporation : Online) · 2016Article
- Temperature and voltage coupling to channel opening in transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8).The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Article
- Voltage-dependent conformational changes in connexin channels.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 2012Review
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- Energy landscape of the reactions governing the Na+ deeply occluded state of the Na+/K+-ATPase in the giant axon of the Humboldt squid.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2011Article
- Temperature dependence of acetylcholine receptor channels activated by different agonists.Biophysical journal · 2011Article
- The contribution of individual subunits to the coupling of the voltage sensor to pore opening in Shaker K channels: effect of ILT mutations in heterotetramers.The Journal of general physiology · 2010Article
- S4-based voltage sensors have three major conformations.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2008Article
- Thermodynamics of activation gating in olfactory-type cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNGA2) channels.Biophysical journal · 2008Article
- Collective equilibrium behaviour of ion channel gating in cell membranes: an ising model formulation.Journal of biological physics · 2006Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The gating kinetics of batrachotoxin-modified Na+ channels were studied in outside-out patches of axolemma from the squid giant axon by means of the cut-open axon technique. Single channel kinetics were characterized at different membrane voltages and temperatures. The probability of channel opening (Po) as a function of voltage was well described by a Boltzmann distribution with an equivalent number of gating particles of 3.58. The voltage at which the channel was open 50% of the time was a function of [Na+] and temperature. A decrease in the internal [Na+] induced a shift to the right of the Po vs. V curve, suggesting the presence of an integral negative fixed charge near the activation gate. An increase in temperature decreased Po, indicating a stabilization of the closed configuration of the channel and also a decrease in entropy upon channel opening. Probability density analysis of dwell times in the closed and open states of the channel at 0 degrees C revealed the presence of three closed and three open states. The slowest open kinetic component constituted only a small fraction of the total number of transitions and became negligible at voltages greater than -65 mV. Adjacent interval analysis showed that there is no correlation in the duration of successive open and closed events. Consistent with this analysis, maximum likelihood estimation of the rate constants for nine different single-channel models produced a preferred model (model 1) having a linear sequence of closed states and two open states emerging from the last closed state. The effect of temperature on the rate constants of model 1 was studied. An increase in temperature increased all rate constants; the shift in Po would be the result of an increase in the closing rates predominant over the change in the opening rates. The temperature study also provided the basis for building an energy diagram for the transitions between channel states.
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