ArticleJAMA2003
Incidence of childhood distal forearm fractures over 30 years: a population-based study.
Article in JAMA, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 155 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
155 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 471 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of serum 25(OH)Vit-D levels with risk of pediatric fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2021Pooled it
- The National Osteoporosis Foundation's position statement on peak bone mass development and lifestyle factors: a systematic review and implementation recommendations.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2016Pooled it
- Association between bone density and fractures in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatrics · 2006Pooled it
- Study on outcome of fracture shaft of the humerus treated non-operatively with a functional brace.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2013Trial
- Practical approach to the diagnosis, management, and treatment of pediatric patients with bone fragility: an expert opinion.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Review
- Early Mobilization with Mechanical Axis Preservation: A Prospective Outcome Analysis of Titanium Elastic Nailing in Femoral Shaft Fractures of School-Aged Children.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2026Article
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- Global High-Cited Pediatric Fracture Research: Bibliometric Assessment of Scopus Publications (1929-2024).Indian journal of orthopaedics · 2026Review
- Pediatric fractures in northern China: hospital-based epidemiology and high-risk factors from a regional cohort study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- The Crucial Role of Exercise in Promoting Adolescent Bone Health.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Development of the Muscular and Skeletal System During Adolescence.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Consumer product-related fractures among children younger than 18 years old treated in United States emergency departments, 1990-2023.Injury epidemiology · 2025Article
- Outcome of Type III Supracondylar Humerus Fracture Treatment by Closed Reduction and Different Configuration of Percutaneous K-wire Technique in Children.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national burdens of fracture in children and adolescents from 1990 to 2019.BMC public health · 2025Article
- The association between dietary inflammatory index and bone health in US adolescents: Analysis of the NHANES data.Bone reports · 2025Article
- Metaphyseal distal radius fractures in adolescents: is closed reduction and casting sufficient for most?European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2025Article
- Impact of outer width of the metacarpal diaphysis on the identification of low bone mass in children.PloS one · 2025Article
- Is transphyseal intramedullary fixation of the distal radius in pediatric fractures a safe procedure? An MRI study.Frontiers in surgery · 2025Article
- Article
95 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextThe incidence of distal forearm fractures in children peaks around the time of the pubertal growth spurt, possibly because physical activity increases at the time of a transient deficit in cortical bone mass due to the increased calcium demand during maximal skeletal growth. Changes in physical activity or diet may therefore influence risk of forearm fracture.
objectiveTo determine whether there has been a change in the incidence of distal forearm fractures in children in recent years. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: Population-based study among Rochester, Minn, residents younger than 35 years with distal forearm fractures in 1969-1971, 1979-1981, 1989-1991, and 1999-2001.
main outcome measureEstimated incidence of distal forearm fractures in 4 time periods.
resultsComparably age- and sex-adjusted annual incidence rates per 100 000 increased from 263.3 (95% confidence interval [CI], 231.1-295.4) in 1969-1971 to 322.3 (95% CI, 285.3-359.4) in 1979-1981 and to 399.8 (95% CI, 361.0-438.6) in 1989-1991 before leveling off at 372.9 (95% CI, 339.1-406.7) in 1999-2001. Age-adjusted incidence rates per 100 000 were 32% greater among male residents in 1999-2001 compared with 1969-1971 (409.4 [95% CI, 359.9-459.0] vs 309.4 [95% CI, 259.3-359.5]; P =.01) and 56% greater among female residents in the same time periods (334.3 [95% CI, 288.6-380.1] vs 214.6 [95% CI, 174.9-254.4]; P<.001). The peak incidence and greatest increase occurred between ages 11 and 14 years in boys and 8 and 11 years in girls.
conclusionsThere has been a statistically significant increase in the incidence of distal forearm fractures in children and adolescents, but whether this is due to changing patterns of physical activity, decreased bone acquisition due to poor calcium intake, or both is unclear at present. Given the large number of childhood fractures, however, studies are needed to define the cause(s) of this increase.
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