ArticleClinical and experimental immunology2003
Differential activation of the immune system by virulent Streptococcus pneumoniae strains determines recovery or death of the host.
Article in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- A new candidate epitope-based vaccine against PspA PhtD ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Neutrophil Recruitment in Pneumococcal Pneumonia.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Critical Role of Zinc Transporter (ZIP8) in Myeloid Innate Immune Cell Function and the Host Response against Bacterial Pneumonia.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2021Article
- Antibiotic modulation of mucins in otitis media; should this change our approach to watchful waiting?International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology · 2019Article
- Comparison of the virulence ofLaboratory animal research · 2019Article
- Adhesion and invasion of Streptococcus pneumoniae to primary and secondary respiratory epithelial cells.Molecular medicine reports · 2017Article
- Glucocorticoid-Augmented Efferocytosis Inhibits Pulmonary Pneumococcal Clearance in Mice by Reducing Alveolar Macrophage Bactericidal Function.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2015Article
- Coinfection with Streptococcus pneumoniae negatively modulates the size and composition of the ongoing influenza-specific CD8⁺ T cell response.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Article
- Streptococcus pneumoniae-induced pneumonia and Citrobacter rodentium-induced gut infection differentially alter vitamin A concentrations in the lung and liver of mice.The Journal of nutrition · 2014Article
- Streptococcus pneumoniae biofilm formation and dispersion during colonization and disease.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2014Review
- Genetic factors regulating lung vasculature and immune cell functions associate with resistance to pneumococcal infection.PloS one · 2014Article
- Immunization with pneumococcal polysaccharide serotype 3 and lipopolysaccharide modulates lung and liver inflammation during a virulent Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in mice.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2013Article
- Pneumococcal interactions with epithelial cells are crucial for optimal biofilm formation and colonization in vitro and in vivo.Infection and immunity · 2012Article
- A serotype 3 pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide-specific monoclonal antibody requires Fcγ receptor III and macrophages to mediate protection against pneumococcal pneumonia in mice.Infection and immunity · 2012Article
- Difference in Resistance to Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection in Mice.Laboratory animal research · 2011Article
- Death or survival from invasive pneumococcal disease in Scotland: associations with serogroups and multilocus sequence types.Journal of medical microbiology · 2011Article
- Analysis of murine genetic predisposition to pneumococcal infection reveals a critical role of alveolar macrophages in maintaining the sterility of the lower respiratory tract.Infection and immunity · 2011Article
- Characterization of protective mucosal and systemic immune responses elicited by pneumococcal surface protein PspA and PspC nasal vaccines against a respiratory pneumococcal challenge in mice.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2009Article
- Comparison of the susceptibilities of C57BL/6 and A/J mouse strains to Streptococcus suis serotype 2 infection.Infection and immunity · 2008Article
- Optimized immune response elicited by a DNA vaccine expressing pneumococcal surface protein a is characterized by a balanced immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1)/IgG2a ratio and proinflammatory cytokine production.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2008Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae infection may result in asymptomatic carriage, mucosal or invasive disease. We hypothesize that self-limiting or fatal disease outcome follows infection with S. pneumoniae differential activation of the host immune response. BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were inoculated intranasally with S. pneumoniae serotype 3 strain WU2 and serotype 14 strain DW14 and mortality, bacterial load, pathological changes in the lungs and cytokines mRNA levels in the spleen were analysed. No differences between the C57BL/6 and the BALB/c inbred mice were observed except for the severity of their lung pathology and IL-4 expression. Infection of the two mouse strains with S. pneumoniae WU2 resulted in sepsis and death that occurred within 4 days post-inoculation. This death was preceded, in both mouse strains, in an increase over time of the lung bacterial load and bacteraemia. The lung pathology was characterized by diffuse pneumonia with marked congestion of the lungs. Analysis of mRNA expression of cytokines in the spleen revealed no alterations in tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, interleukin (IL)-12 and interferon (IFN)-gamma and induction of IL-10 and IL-4. The two strains of mice survived infection with S. pneumoniae DW14. This was accompanied by a reduction over time of lung bacterial load and bacteraemia. The lung pathology was characterized by focal lymphocyte infiltration and preserved architecture of the organ. Analysis of mRNA expression of cytokines in the spleen revealed a significant decrease in the levels of TNF-alpha, TGF-beta, IL-12 and IFN-gamma mRNA expression, which usually precedes cytokine protein expression. Interestingly, a significant increase in the levels of IL-4 mRNA expression was found in BALB/c mice only. This study suggests that differential activation or evasion of cytokine expression by S. pneumoniae virulent strains determines disease outcome regardless of the host's immunogenetic background.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.