ArticleGut2003
Short chain fatty acids stimulate epithelial mucin 2 expression through differential effects on prostaglandin E(1) and E(2) production by intestinal myofibroblasts.
Article in Gut, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 260 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
260 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 512 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of probiotic supplementation on faecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations in healthy individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Nutrition journal · 2026Pooled it
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- Nutritional methionine restriction modulates gut microbiota and propionate/GPR41 signaling to mitigate diabetic kidney disease.NPJ science of food · 2026Article
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- The Dual Roles of Gut Microbiota in Biliary Atresia: Mechanisms, Biomarker Potential, and Therapeutic Implications.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Natural and Biological Products Therapeutic Potential in Restoring Gut Microbiome: Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Implications.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Prebiotic-Empowered Probiotics with Gastrointestinal Stress Resistance for Enhanced Oral Therapy of Immunosuppression.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Gut microbiome features associated with Bifidobacterium colonization predict personalized probiotic persistence patterns.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Cross-kingdom microbial interactions in the gut during inflammatory bowel disease.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Revival of Mucin-Degrading Human-Derived Fecal Microbial Consortia After Cryopreservation.microPublication biology · 2026Article
200 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe mucus layer protects the gastrointestinal mucosa from mechanical, chemical, and microbial challenge. Mucin 2 (MUC-2) is the most prominent mucin secreted by intestinal epithelial cells. There is accumulating evidence that subepithelial myofibroblasts regulate intestinal epithelial cell function and are an important source of prostaglandins (PG). PG enhance mucin secretion and are key players in mucoprotection. The role of bacterial fermentation products in these processes deserves further attention.
aimsWe therefore determined whether the effect of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) on MUC-2 expression involves intermediate PG production.
methodsBoth mono- and cocultures of epithelial cells and myofibroblasts were used to study the effects of SCFA on MUC-2 expression and PG synthesis. Cell culture supernatants were used to determine the role of myofibroblast derived prostaglandins in increasing MUC-2 expression in epithelial cells.
resultsProstaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)) was found to be far more potent than PGE(2) in stimulating MUC-2 expression. SCFA supported a mucoprotective PG profile, reflected by an increased PGE(1)/PGE(2) ratio in myofibroblast supernatants and increased MUC-2 expression in mono- and cocultures. Incubation with indomethacin revealed the latter to be mediated by PG.
conclusionsSCFA can differentially regulate PG production, thus stimulating MUC-2 expression in intestinal epithelial cells. This mechanism involving functional interaction between myofibroblasts and epithelial cells may play an important role in the mucoprotective effect of bacterial fermentation products.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.