ArticleJAMA2003
Recreational physical activity and the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative Cohort Study.
Article in JAMA, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 197 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
197 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 571 citations in OpenAlex.
- Non-occupational physical activity and risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer and mortality outcomes: a dose-response meta-analysis of large prospective studies.British journal of sports medicine · 2023Pooled it
- The lasting effects of resistance and endurance exercise interventions on breast cancer patient mental wellbeing and physical fitness.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Current Evidence of Measurement Properties of Physical Activity Questionnaires for Older Adults: An Updated Systematic Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Pooled it
- The impact of patient characteristics and lifestyle factors on the risk of an ipsilateral event after a primary DCIS: A systematic review.Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2020Pooled it
- The incidence of co-morbidities related to obesity and overweight: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2009Pooled it
- A Co-clinical Trial of Exercise Therapy in Breast Cancer Prevention.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025Trial
- Red Blood Cell Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Mortality Following Breast Cancer.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Trial
- High-Intensity Interval Training Is Feasible in Women at High Risk for Breast Cancer.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2019Trial
- Association of Body Fat and Risk of Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women With Normal Body Mass Index: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial and Observational Study.JAMA oncology · 2019Trial
- Novel Methods for Reporting of Exercise Dose and Adherence: An Exploratory Analysis.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2018Trial
- Reciprocal within-day associations between incidental affect and exercise: An EMA study.Psychology & health · 2018Trial
- Metabolic Obesity Phenotypes and Risk of Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2017Trial
- The effect of exercise on body composition and bone mineral density in breast cancer survivors taking aromatase inhibitors.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2017Trial
- Metabolic phenotypes of obesity: frequency, correlates and change over time in a cohort of postmenopausal women.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2017Trial
- The Effect of Tailored Web-Based Feedback and Optional Telephone Coaching on Health Improvements: A Randomized Intervention Among Employees in the Transport Service Industry.Journal of medical Internet research · 2016Trial
- Impact of a primary care based intervention on breast cancer knowledge, risk perception and concern: A randomized, controlled trial.Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2015Trial
- An exercise trial targeting African-American women with metabolic syndrome and at high risk for breast cancer: Rationale, design, and methods.Contemporary clinical trials · 2015Trial
- Trial
- Effects of a walking intervention using mobile technology and interactive voice response on serum adipokines among postmenopausal women at increased breast cancer risk.Hormones & cancer · 2014Trial
- Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and joint symptoms in postmenopausal women in the women's health initiative randomized trial.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2013Trial
137 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextWomen who are physically active have a decreased risk for breast cancer, but the types, amounts, and timing of activity needed are unknown.
objectiveTo prospectively examine the association between current and past recreational physical activity and incidence of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: Prospective cohort study in 74 171 women aged 50 to 79 years who were recruited by 40 US clinical centers from 1993 through 1998.
main outcome measureIncident invasive and in situ breast cancer.
resultsWe documented 1780 newly diagnosed cases of breast cancer over a mean follow-up of 4.7 years. Compared with less active women, women who engaged in regular strenuous physical activity at age 35 years had a 14% decreased risk of breast cancer (relative risk [RR], 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.78-0.95). Similar but attenuated findings were observed for strenuous physical activity at ages 18 years and 50 years. An increasing total current physical activity score was associated with a reduced risk for breast cancer (P =.03 for trend). Women who engaged in the equivalent of 1.25 to 2.5 hours per week of brisk walking had an 18% decreased risk of breast cancer (RR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.68-0.97) compared with inactive women. Slightly greater reduction in risk was observed for women who engaged in the equivalent of 10 hours or more per week of brisk walking. The effect of exercise was most pronounced in women in the lowest tertile of body mass index (BMI) (<24.1), but also was observed for women in the middle tertile of BMI (24.1-28.4).
conclusionsThese data suggest that increased physical activity is associated with reduced risk for breast cancer in postmenopausal women, longer duration provides most benefit, and that such activity need not be strenuous.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.