ArticleJournal of virology2003
Theoretical design of a gene therapy to prevent AIDS but not human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
Article in Journal of virology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Limitations of inferring antiviral efficacy of interfering particles from observational natural histories.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Intracellular interactions shape antiviral resistance outcomes in poliovirus via eco-evolutionary feedback.Nature ecology & evolution · 2026Article
- Superinfection promotes replication and diversification of defective HIV-1 proviruses in people with non-suppressible viraemia.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- Intracellular interactions shape antiviral resistance outcomes in poliovirus via eco-evolutionary feedback.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Identification, functional analysis, and clinical applications of defective viral genomes.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Engineered deletions of HIV replicate conditionally to reduce disease in nonhuman primates.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- A single-administration therapeutic interfering particle reduces SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding and pathogenesis in hamsters.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Virus-like Particles: Measures and Biological Functions.Viruses · 2022Review
- Article
- Conditionally Replicating Vectors Mobilize Chimeric Antigen Receptors against HIV.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2020Article
- Stable Transcriptional Repression and Parasitism of HIV-1.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2018Article
- Conflicting Selection Pressures Will Constrain Viral Escape from Interfering Particles: Principles for Designing Resistance-Proof Antivirals.PLoS computational biology · 2016Article
- Exploiting Genetic Interference for Antiviral Therapy.PLoS genetics · 2016Review
- Article
- Design and engineering of a transmissible antiviral defense.Journal of biological engineering · 2016Article
- Coadaptive stability of interfering particles with HIV-1 when there is an evolutionary conflict.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- Reply to "Coadaptive stability of interfering particles with HIV-1 when there is an evolutionary conflict".Journal of virology · 2013Article
- Design requirements for interfering particles to maintain coadaptive stability with HIV-1.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- A hunter virus that targets both infected cells and HIV free virions: implications for therapy.Theoretical biology & medical modelling · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent reports confirm that, due to the presence of long-lived, latently infected cell populations, eradication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from infected patients by using antiretroviral drugs will be exceedingly difficult. An alternative to virus eradication may be to use gene therapy to induce a pseudo-latent state in virus-producing cells, thus transforming HIV-1 into a lifelong, but manageable, virus. Conditionally replicating HIV-1 (crHIV-1) gene therapy vectors provide an avenue for subduing HIV-1 expression in infected cells (by creating a parasite, crHIV-1, of the parasite HIV-1), potentially reducing the HIV-1 set point and delaying AIDS onset. Development of crHIV-1 vectors has proceeded in vitro, but the requirements for a crHIV-1 vector to proliferate and persist in vivo have not been explored. We expand a widely accepted mathematical model of HIV-1 in vivo dynamics to include a crHIV-1 gene therapy virus and derive a simple criterion for designing crHIV-1 viruses that will persist in vivo. The model introduces only two new parameters-HIV-1 inhibition and crHIV-1 production-and both can be experimentally engineered and controlled. Analysis demonstrates that crHIV-1 gene therapy can indefinitely reduce HIV-1 set point to levels comparable to those achieved with highly active antiretroviral therapy, provided crHIV-1 production is more efficient than HIV-1. Paradoxically, highly efficient therapeutic inhibition of HIV-1 was found to be disadvantageous. Thus, the field may benefit by shifting the search for more potent antiviral genes toward engineering optimized therapy viruses that package ultra-efficiently while downregulating viral production moderately.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.