ArticleThe EMBO journal2003
HS5 of the human beta-globin locus control region: a developmental stage-specific border in erythroid cells.
Article in The EMBO journal, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- RefSeq Functional Elements as experimentally assayed nongenic reference standards and functional interactions in human and mouse.Genome research · 2022Article
- Investigating the Barrier Activity of Novel, Human Enhancer-Blocking Chromatin Insulators for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Gene Therapy.Human gene therapy · 2021Article
- Gene specificity of suppression of transgene-mediated insertional transcriptional activation by the chicken HS4 insulator.PloS one · 2009Article
- CTCF-dependent enhancer-blocking by alternative chromatin loop formation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2008Article
- 5'HS5 of the human beta-globin locus control region is dispensable for the formation of the beta-globin active chromatin hub.PloS one · 2008Article
- Transcription and chromatin organization of a housekeeping gene cluster containing an integrated beta-globin locus control region.PLoS genetics · 2008Article
- Nucleosome and transcription activator antagonism at human beta-globin locus control region DNase I hypersensitive sites.Nucleic acids research · 2007Article
- Synergistic and additive properties of the beta-globin locus control region (LCR) revealed by 5'HS3 deletion mutations: implication for LCR chromatin architecture.Molecular and cellular biology · 2005Article
- Evaluation of regulatory potential and conservation scores for detecting cis-regulatory modules in aligned mammalian genome sequences.Genome research · 2005Article
- Multiple interactions between regulatory regions are required to stabilize an active chromatin hub.Genes & development · 2004Article
- An insulator blocks spreading of histone acetylation and interferes with RNA polymerase II transfer between an enhancer and gene.Nucleic acids research · 2004Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Elements with insulator/border activity have been characterized most extensively in Drosophila melanogaster. In vertebrates, the first example of such an element was provided by a hypersensitive site of the chicken beta-globin locus, cHS4. It has been proposed that the homologous site in humans, HS5, functions as a border of the human beta-globin locus. Here, we have characterized HS5 of the human beta-globin locus control region. We have examined its tissue-specificity and assessed its insulating properties in transgenic mice using a lacZ reporter assay. Most importantly, we have tested its enhancer blocking activity in the context of the full beta-globin locus. Our results show that HS5 is erythroid-specific rather than ubiquitous in human tissues. Furthermore, HS5 does not fulfil the criteria of a general in vivo insulator in the transgene protection assay. Finally, a HS5 conditional deletion from the complete locus demonstrates that HS5 has no discernable activity in adult erythroid cells. Surprisingly, HS5 functions as an enhancer blocker in embryonic erythroid cells. We conclude that HS5 is a developmental stage-specific border in erythroid cells.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.