ArticleHealth and quality of life outcomes2003
The Hospital Anxiety And Depression Scale.
Article in Health and quality of life outcomes, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 20 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 1,025 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1,025 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Evaluating Reduced Use and Abstinence as Outcomes in Pharmacotherapy Trials for Stimulant Use Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of 12 Randomized Controlled Trials.JAMA psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Psychosocial Interventions for Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence of depressive symptoms among medical students in Pakistan: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of working memory training on depressive symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Translational psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Assessing psychological distress among medical students: a systematic review and meta-analysis of tools available.BMC medical education · 2026Pooled it
- Integrating multimodal prehabilitation into enhanced recovery after surgery programs (MPhERAS) for elderly patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and cohort studies.Techniques in coloproctology · 2025Pooled it
- Emotional and psychosocial function after dorsal column spinal cord stimulator implantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Regional anesthesia and pain medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Depressive symptoms and associated factors among internally displaced people in Sub-Saharan africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- A comprehensive examination of mental health in patients with head and neck cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2024Pooled it
- Palliative Care Coaching for Family Caregivers of Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
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- Investigating the feasibility and safety of transcranial infraslow gray noise stimulation as a potential treatment for generalized anxiety disorder.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
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- Effect of a digital tool on breast cancer specific health-related quality of life and psychological distress: secondary results from the ADAPT study.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Trial
- Infraslow Closed-Loop Brain Training for Anxiety and Depression (ISAD): A pilot randomised, sham-controlled trial in adult females with internalizing disorders.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2025Trial
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- Fatigue After Stroke Educational Recovery Program: A Prospective, Phase III, Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Trial
- A randomized controlled trial of a compassion-centered spiritual health intervention to improve hospital inpatient outcomes.PloS one · 2025Trial
965 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is a need to assess the contribution of mood disorder, especially anxiety and depression, in order to understand the experience of suffering in the setting of medical practice. Most physicians are aware of this aspect of the illness of their patients but many feel incompetent to provide the patient with reliable information. The Hospital Anxiety And Depression Scale, or HADS, was designed to provide a simple yet reliable tool for use in medical practice. The term 'hospital' in its title suggests that it is only valid in such a setting but many studies conducted throughout the world have confirmed that it is valid when used in community settings and primary care medical practice. It should be emphasised that self-assessment scales are only valid for screening purposes; definitive diagnosis must rest on the process of clinical examination.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.