ArticleThe Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume2003
Development and testing of a reduced WOMAC function scale.
Article in The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03607461 (Traditional Home Health Physical Therapy Versus a Smartphone App for Patients Recovering From Total Knee Arthroplasty During the Home-bound Portion of Recovery), which is not on this map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Traditional Home Health Physical Therapy Versus a Smartphone App for Patients Recovering From Total Knee Arthroplasty During the Home-bound Portion of Recovery: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed.
- No Difference in 10-year Clinical or Radiographic Outcomes Between Kinematic and Mechanical Alignment in TKA: A Randomized Trial.Clinical orthopaedics and related research · 2025Trial
- The Effects of Vitamin D and Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Chronic Knee Pain in Older US Adults: Results From a Randomized Trial.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2020Trial
- No Difference in 5-year Clinical or Radiographic Outcomes Between Kinematic and Mechanical Alignment in TKA: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Clinical orthopaedics and related research · 2020Trial
- The Chitranjan S. Ranawat Award : No Difference in 2-year Functional Outcomes Using Kinematic versus Mechanical Alignment in TKA: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.Clinical orthopaedics and related research · 2017Trial
- Effect of retro and forward walking on quadriceps muscle strength, pain, function, and mobility in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2016Trial
- Effects of Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection in Knee Osteoarthritis Stages 1-4: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Cureus · 2026Article
- What aspects of pain and functional outcomes contribute to patient satisfaction 1 year after surgery within total hip and total knee arthroplasty populations? A registry-based cohort study.Acta orthopaedica · 2026Article
- Factors Associated With the Risk of Neuropathic Pain One Year After Total Knee Arthroplasty and the Protective Role of Local Infiltration Analgesia: A Registry-Based Prospective Cohort Study.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Article
- Patient involvement in the development of patient-reported outcome measures used following hip or knee arthroplasty: a scoping review.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025Article
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- Patient-Reported Outcomes of Kinematic vs Mechanical Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Arthroplasty today · 2023Article
- A validated outcome categorization of the knee society score for total knee arthroplasty.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2022Article
- 1-year trajectories of patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty: Patient reported outcomes and resource needs according to education level.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2022Article
- Efficacy of Knee Taping in addition to a Supervised Exercise Protocol to Manage Pain and Functional Status in Individuals with Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis: A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial.Pain research & management · 2022Article
- Bidirectional associations of accelerometer measured sedentary behavior and physical activity with knee pain, stiffness, and physical function: The CARDIA study.Preventive medicine reports · 2021Article
- Increased development of radiographic hip osteoarthritis in individuals with high bone mass: a prospective cohort study.Arthritis research & therapy · 2021Article
- An update on joint-specific outcome measures in total hip replacement.Reumatologia · 2020Review
- Improvement in mental health following total hip arthroplasty: the role of pain and function.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2019Article
- The paradox of self-rated health following joint replacement surgery.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We used prospective data from 862 total knee and 716 total hip replacements three years after surgery in order to derive and validate a reduced Western Ontario and McMasters University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) function scale. The reduced scale was derived using the advice of clinical experts as well as analysis of data. The scale was tested for validity, reliability and responsiveness. Items which were retained included: ascending stairs, rising from sitting, walking on the flat, getting in or out of a car, putting on socks, rising from bed, and sitting. The reduced and full scales had comparable, moderate correlations with other measures of function, confirming convergent validity. Cronbach's alpha was high (alpha > 0.85) with the reduced scale confirming reliability. Responsiveness was greater for the reduced scale (full = 1.4, reduced = 1.6). This reduced version of the WOMAC function scale provides a practical, valid, reliable and responsive alternative to the full function scale for use after total joint replacement. Further work is needed to demonstrate its wider applicability.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.