ArticleJournal of epidemiology and community health2003
Preterm birth among African American and white women: a multilevel analysis of socioeconomic characteristics and cigarette smoking.
Article in Journal of epidemiology and community health, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 151 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mediators of socioeconomic inequalities in preterm birth: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Association of neighborhood context with offspring risk of preterm birth and low birthweight: A systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2016Pooled it
- The social determinants of infant mortality and birth outcomes in Western developed nations: a cross-country systematic review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2013Pooled it
- Does additional prenatal care in the home improve birth outcomes for women with a prior preterm delivery? A randomized clinical trial.Maternal and child health journal · 2014Trial
- Depression at the intersection of race/ethnicity, sex/gender, and sexual orientation in a nationally representative sample of US adults: a design-weighted intersectional MAIHDA.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Neighborhood Walkability as a Risk Factor for Preterm Birth Phenotypes in Two Philadelphia Hospitals from 2013-2016.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Use of high-resolution metabolomics to assess the biological perturbations associated with maternal exposure to Bisphenol A and Bisphenol F among pregnant African American women.Environment international · 2022Article
- Pregnancy anxiety, placental corticotropin-releasing hormone and length of gestation.Biological psychology · 2022Article
- Recurrent preterm birth risk assessment for two delivery subtypes: A multivariable analysis.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2022Article
- Differences in Psychosocial Protective Factors by Race/Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status and Their Relationship to Preterm Delivery.Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2022Article
- High-resolution metabolomics of exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes in the Atlanta African American maternal-child cohort.Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2022Article
- Interactions between race/ethnicity, poverty status, and pregnancy cardio-metabolic diseases in prediction of postpartum cardio-metabolic health.Ethnicity & health · 2020Article
- Epigenetic age and pregnancy outcomes: GrimAge acceleration is associated with shorter gestational length and lower birthweight.Clinical epigenetics · 2020Article
- Exposures to structural racism and racial discrimination among pregnant and early post-partum Black women living in Oakland, California.Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress · 2020Article
- Defining microbial biomarkers for risk of preterm labor.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2020Article
- Socioeconomic Status, Preeclampsia Risk and Gestational Length in Black and White Women.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2019Article
- Neighborhood Gun Violence and Birth Outcomes in Chicago.Maternal and child health journal · 2019Article
- Using Index of Concentration at the Extremes as Indicators of Structural Racism to Evaluate the Association with Preterm Birth and Infant Mortality-California, 2011-2012.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2019Article
- Early-life neighborhood context, perceived stress, and preterm birth in African American Women.SSM - population health · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
STUDY
objectiveResearch shows that neighbourhood socioeconomic factors are associated with preterm delivery. This study examined whether cigarette smoking and individual socioeconomic factors modify the effects of neighbourhood factors on preterm delivery.
designCase-control study.
settingMoffit Hospital in San Francisco, California.
participants417 African American and 1244 white women, including all preterm and a random selection of term deliveries 1980-1990, excluding non-singleton pregnancies, congenital anomolies, induced deliveries, and women transported for special care. US census data from 1980 and 1990 were used to characterise the women's neighbourhoods, defined as census tracts.
resultsCigarette smoking increased the risk of preterm delivery among both African American (OR=1.77, 95% confidence intervals (CI) (1.12 to 2.79)) and white women (OR=1.25, 95% CI (1.01 to 1.55)). However, cigarette smoking did not attenuate or modify the association of neighbourhood factors with preterm delivery. Among African American women, having public insurance modified the relation between neighbourhood unemployment and preterm delivery; among women without public insurance, the risk of preterm delivery was low in areas with low unemployment and high in areas with high unemployment, while among women with public insurance the risk of preterm delivery was highest at low levels of neighbourhood unemployment.
conclusionsCigarette smoking was associated with preterm delivery, especially among African Americans. Adverse neighbourhood conditions had an influence on preterm delivery beyond that of cigarette smoking. The effects of some neighbourhood characteristics were different depending on individual socioeconomic status. Examining socioeconomic and behavioural/biological risk factors together may increase understanding of the complex causes of preterm delivery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.